官話

See also: 官话

Chinese

		official; government; organ of body	spoken words; speech; dialect spoken words; speech; dialect; language; talk; conversation; what someone said
trad. (官話)		官	話
simp. (官话)		官	话

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guānhuà

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢㄏㄨㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gun¹ waa^6-2
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kôn-fa

(Meixian, Guangdong): guon¹ fa⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): guăng-uâ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koaⁿ-ōe
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹kuoe-gho

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guānhuà
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢㄏㄨㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guanhuà
  - Wade–Giles: kuan¹-hua⁴
  - Yale: gwān-hwà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guanhuah
  - Palladius: гуаньхуа (guanʹxua)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gun¹ waa^6-2
  - Yale: gūn wá
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gun¹ waa^6-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: gun¹ wa^6-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôn-fa
  - Hakka Romanization System: gon´ fa
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gon¹ fa⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kon²⁴⁻¹¹ fa⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: guon¹ fa⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kuɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fa⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: guăng-uâ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(Ø-)ŋuɑ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koaⁿ-ōe
  - Tâi-lô: kuann-uē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvoa'oe
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kuã⁴⁴⁻²² ue²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kuã³³ ue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuã⁴⁴⁻²² ue²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kuã⁴⁴⁻³³ ue³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuã⁴⁴⁻³³ ue³³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹kuoe-gho
  - MiniDict: kuoe^平 gho
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kuoe-hho
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kuø⁵⁵ ɦo²¹/

Middle Chinese: kwan hwaejH

Rime
Character	官	話
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	夬 (30)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	古丸切	下快切
Baxter	kwan	hwaejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑn/	/ɦˠuai^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑn/	/ɦʷᵚai^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑn/	/ɣuai^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwan/	/ɦwaɨjs^H/
Li Rong	/kuɑn/	/ɣuai^H/
Wang Li	/kuɑn/	/ɣwæi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuɑn/	/ɣwai^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guān	huài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gun¹	waai⁶

Noun

官話

Mandarin; Guanhua (group of Northern Chinese dialects including Putonghua (Standard Chinese))
- 反譯甚好，而間有古語，不合時用，且不是官話，無人認聽。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
  From: 《朝鮮王朝實錄》 (Joseon Veritable Records), 1483
  반역심호^(하나) 이간유고어^(하고) 불합시용^(하며) 차불시관화^(이니) 무인인청^(하리라)
  Banyeok sim ho[-hana] i gan yu goeo[-hago] bulhap siyong[-hamyeo] cha bul si gwanhwa[-ini] mu in in cheong[-harira]. [Sino-Korean]
  The [Koreans'] translation [into Chinese] is very good, but there is occasionally ancient language which is not in accordance with current usage; in addition, it is not Mandarin, [so] nobody will understand it by listening.
bureaucratic gibberish; high-sounding but insincere words; officialese
Synonym: 官腔 (guānqiāng)

Synonyms

(Mandarin): 北方話／北方话 (běifānghuà)

Derived terms

中原官話／中原官话 (Zhōngyuán guānhuà)
冀魯官話／冀鲁官话 (Jì-Lǔ Guānhuà)
北京官話／北京官话 (Běijīng guānhuà)
天不怕，地不怕，只怕廣東人說官話／天不怕，地不怕，只怕广东人说官话 (tiān bùpà, dì bùpà, zhǐ pà Guǎngdōngrén shuō guānhuà)
官話化／官话化 (guānhuàhuà)
官話合聲字母／官话合声字母 (Guānhuà Héshēng Zìmǔ)
官話字母／官话字母
戲棚官話／戏棚官话 (xìpéng guānhuà)
打官話／打官话
東北官話／东北官话 (dōngběi guānhuà)
江淮官話／江淮官话 (Jiānghuái guānhuà)
膠遼官話／胶辽官话
藍青官話／蓝青官话 (lánqīng guānhuà)
蘭銀官話／兰银官话
西南官話／西南官话 (xīnán guānhuà)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (官話):

→ Japanese: 官話(かんわ) (kanwa)
→ Okinawan: 官話(くゎんふぁー) (kwanfā)
→ Korean: 관화(官話) (gwanhwa)
→ Vietnamese: Quan thoại (官話)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
官	話
かん Grade: 4	わ Grade: 2
on’yomi	kan’yōon

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 官話 (MC kwan hwaejH).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かんわ [kàńwá] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [kã̠ɰ̃ɰᵝa̠]

Noun

官(かん)話(わ) • (kanwa) ^{←くわんわ (kwan'wa)^?}

Mandarin; Guanhua (group of Northern Chinese dialects including Putonghua (Standard Chinese))

Korean

Hanja in this term
官	話

Noun

官話 • (gwanhwa) (hangeul 관화)

Hanja form^? of 관화 (“Mandarin; Guanhua (group of Northern Chinese dialects including Putonghua (Standard Chinese))”).

Okinawan

Kanji in this term
官	話
くゎん Grade: 4	ふぁー Grade: 2
on’yomi

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 官話 (MC kwan hwaejH). Cognate to Japanese 官話 (kanwa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʷam̩ɸaː/

Noun

官(くゎん)話(ふぁー) (kwanfā)

Mandarin; Guanhua (group of Northern Chinese dialects including Putonghua (Standard Chinese))

References

“くぁんふぁー・くゎんふぁー【官話】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
“クヮンファー” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
官	話

Noun

官話

chữ Hán form of Quan thoại (“Mandarin; Guanhua”).

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