子子孫孫

Chinese

		child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight	grandson	grandson
trad. (子子孫孫)		子	子	孫	孫
simp. (子子孙孙)		子	子	孙	孙
AABB-type reduplication of 子孫／子孙 (zǐsūn)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zǐzǐsūnsūn

(Zhuyin): ㄗˇ ㄗˇ ㄙㄨㄣㄙㄨㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi² zi² syun¹ syun¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́-chṳ́-sûn-sûn
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chú-chú-sun-sun

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zǐzǐsūnsūn [Phonetic: zízǐsūnsūn]
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˇ ㄗˇ ㄙㄨㄣㄙㄨㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zǐhzǐhsunsun
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ³-tzŭ³-sun¹-sun¹
  - Yale: dž-dž-swūn-swūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyytzyysuensuen
  - Palladius: цзыцзысуньсунь (czyczysunʹsunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ su̯ən⁵⁵ su̯ən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi² zi² syun¹ syun¹
  - Yale: jí jí syūn syūn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi² dzi² syn¹ syn¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji² ji² xun¹ xun¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵ t͡siː³⁵ syːn⁵⁵ syːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́-chṳ́-sûn-sûn
  - Hakka Romanization System: zii` zii` sun´ sun´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zi³ zi³ sun¹ sun¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹ t͡sɨ³¹ sun²⁴⁻¹¹ sun²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-chú-sun-sun
  - Tâi-lô: tsú-tsú-sun-sun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zwzwsunswn
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sun⁴⁴⁻³³ sun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sun⁴⁴⁻³³ sun⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsiX tsiX swon swon

Rime
Character	子	孫
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	即里切	思渾切
Baxter	tsiX	swon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨ^X/	/suən/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɨ^X/	/suon/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sie^X/	/suən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɨ^X/	/swən/
Li Rong	/t͡siə^X/	/suən/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭə^X/	/suən/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si^X/	/suən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǐ	sūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi²	syun¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tsəʔ tsəʔ [s]ˤu[n] [s]ˤu[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯʔ ʔslɯʔ suːn suːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	子	孫
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǐ	sūn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsi^X ›	‹ swon ›
Old Chinese	/*tsəʔ/	/*[s]ˁu[n]/
English	child; gentleman, master	grandchild; descendant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	子	孫
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17857	12178
Phonetic component	子	孫
Rime group	之	文
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	子	孫
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯʔ/	/*suːn/

Noun

子子孫孫

generation after generation of descendants
- 欲至于萬年，惟王子子孫孫永保民。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  欲至于万年，惟王子子孙孙永保民。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE
  Yù zhìyú wàn nián, wéi wáng zǐzǐsūnsūn yǒng bǎomín. [Pinyin]
  I say so simply from my wish that (your dynasty) may continue for myriads of years, and your descendants always be the protectors of the people.

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