変体仮名

See also: 變體假名 and 变体假名

Japanese

Signage for traditional restaurants are known to use hentaigana: * 生𛁛 𛂦゙ = 生そば (nama-soba) * 𛂁 𛀙゙井 = なが井 (nagai)

A page from Wakan sansai zue, typeset using hentaigana:— * をつと𛁩せい = をつとつせい (ottossei) * 𛀄しか = あしか (ashika)

Kanji in this term
変	体	仮	名
へん Grade: 4	たい Grade: 2	か > が Grade: 5	な Grade: 1
on’yomi	goon	irregular	kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
變體假名 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Compound of 変体 (hentai, “variant form”) +‎ 仮名 (kana, “the hiragana or katakana syllabaries; a syllabary character”). The kana changes to gana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) へんたいがな [hèńtáígáná] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3]
(Tokyo) へんたいがな [hèńtáꜜìgànà] (Nakadaka – [3])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [hẽ̞nta̠iɡa̠na̠]

Noun

変(へん)体(たい)仮(が)名(な) • (hentaigana)

hentaigana: any of the hiragana made obsolete in Meiji-era reforms that enforced having one hiragana for each syllable

References

NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN