報じる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 報 |
| ほう Grade: 5 |
| goon |
Etymology
Shift from verb 報ずる (hōzuru), by natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) ほーじる [hòójírú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) ほーじる [hòójíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [ho̞ːʑiɾɯ̟ᵝ]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "報じる"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
報じる | ほーじる | [hòójírú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 報じろ | ほーじろ | [hòójíró] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 報じられる | ほーじられる | [hòójírárérú] |
| Causative | 報じさせる | ほーじさせる | [hòójísásérú] |
| Potential | 報じられる | ほーじられる | [hòójírárérú] |
| Volitional | 報じよう | ほーじよー | [hòójíyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 報じない | ほーじない | [hòójínáí] |
| Negative perfective | 報じなかった | ほーじなかった | [hòójínáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 報じます | ほーじます | [hòójímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 報じた | ほーじた | [hòójítá] |
| Conjunctive | 報じて | ほーじて | [hòójíté] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 報じれば | ほーじれば | [hòójíréꜜbà] |
Verb
報じる • (hōjiru) transitive ichidan (stem 報じ (hōji), past 報じた (hōjita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "報じる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 報じ | ほうじ | hōji | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 報じ | ほうじ | hōji | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 報じる | ほうじる | hōjiru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 報じる | ほうじる | hōjiru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 報じれ | ほうじれ | hōjire | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 報じよ¹ 報じろ² |
ほうじよ¹ ほうじろ² |
hōjiyo¹ hōjiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 報じられる | ほうじられる | hōjirareru | |
| Causative | 報じさせる 報じさす |
ほうじさせる ほうじさす |
hōjisaseru hōjisasu | |
| Potential | 報じられる 報じれる³ |
ほうじられる ほうじれる³ |
hōjirareru hōjireru³ | |
| Volitional | 報じよう | ほうじよう | hōjiyō | |
| Negative | 報じない 報じぬ 報じん |
ほうじない ほうじぬ ほうじん |
hōjinai hōjinu hōjin | |
| Negative continuative | 報じず | ほうじず | hōjizu | |
| Formal | 報じます | ほうじます | hōjimasu | |
| Perfective | 報じた | ほうじた | hōjita | |
| Conjunctive | 報じて | ほうじて | hōjite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 報じれば | ほうじれば | hōjireba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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