京兆尹

Chinese

		capital; Beijing (abbrev.)	omen; million; million million, trillion	to rule; surname
simp. and trad. (京兆尹)		京	兆	尹

Etymology

First created in the Han era [104 BCE]. According to commentaries to the Book of Han by Zhang Yan (張晏, c. 3rd century?) as collected by Yan Shigu (581–645) much later, and also Yan's own commentary, 京 (OC *kraŋ) was interpreted as "high, elevated, grand" and 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ) referred to "multitudes; populous". Both were also used as the names for certain large numbers in Chinese.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Jīngzhào Yǐn

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥㄓㄠˋ ㄧㄣˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Jīngzhào Yǐn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥㄓㄠˋ ㄧㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Jingjhào Yǐn
  - Wade–Giles: Ching¹-chao⁴ Yin³
  - Yale: Jīng-jàu Yǐn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jingjaw Yiin
  - Palladius: Цзинчжао Инь (Czinčžao Inʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ in²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Middle Chinese: kjaeng drjewX ywinX

Rime
Character	京	兆	尹
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	澄 (11)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)	宵 (92)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	舉卿切	治小切	余準切
Baxter	kjaeng	drjewX	ywinX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiæŋ/	/ɖˠiᴇu^X/	/jiuɪn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiaŋ/	/ɖᵚiɛu^X/	/jʷin^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kiaŋ/	/ȡiæu^X/	/juen^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kiajŋ/	/ɖiaw^X/	/jwin^X/
Li Rong	/kiɐŋ/	/ȡjɛu^X/	/iuĕn^X/
Wang Li	/kĭɐŋ/	/ȡĭɛu^X/	/jĭuĕn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯ɐŋ/	/ȡʱi̯ɛu^X/	/i̯uĕn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīng	zhào	yǔn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ging¹	ziu⁶	wan⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]raŋ lr[a]wʔ m-qurʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kraŋ l'ewʔ ɢʷlinʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	京	兆	尹
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīng	zhào	yǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ kjæng ›	‹ drjew^X ›	‹ ywin^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]raŋ/	/*lr[a]wʔ/	/*m-qurʔ/
English	hill; capital city	great number	govern; governor
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	京	兆	尹
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
No.	6828	16856	15300
Phonetic component	京	兆	尹
Rime group	陽	宵	眞
Rime subdivision	0	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	驚	肇	尹
Old Chinese	/*kraŋ/	/*l'ewʔ/	/*ɢʷlinʔ/

Proper noun

京兆尹

(historical) Jingzhao Yin; Jingzhao (historical administrative and geographic division in the eastern vicinity of Chang'an)
(historical) the chief official in charge of the Jingzhao district near Chang'an
(historical) name of various official positions leading the government of any capital districts

Hypernyms

三輔／三辅 (sānfǔ)

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.