不得其死

Chinese

		not; no	get; obtain; gain get; obtain; gain; proper; suitable; proud; contented; allow; permit; ready; finished; a sentence particle used after a verb to show effect; degree or possibility; to have to; must; ought to; to need to	his; her; its his; her; its; theirs; that; such; it (refers to sth preceding it)	to die; impassable; uncrossable to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid
trad. (不得其死)		不	得	其	死
simp. ^#(不得其死)		不	得	其	死

Etymology

From the Analects, Book 11 (《論語·先進》):

閔子侍側，誾誾如也；子路，行行如也；冉有、子貢，侃侃如也。子樂。「若由也，不得其死然。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

闵子侍侧，訚訚如也；子路，行行如也；冉有、子贡，侃侃如也。子乐。「若由也，不得其死然。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Mǐn Zǐ shì cè, yínyín rú yě; Zǐlù, xíngxíng rú yě; Rǎn Yǒu, Zǐgòng, kǎnkǎn rú yě. Zǐ lè. “ruò Yóu yě, bù dé qí sǐ rán.” [Pinyin]

The disciple Min was standing by his side, looking bland and precise; Zilu, looking bold and soldierly; Ran You and Zigong, with a free and straightforward manner. The Master was pleased. He said, "You there - he will not die a natural death."

Also from Tao Te Ching, Chapter 42:

強梁者不得其死，吾將以為教父。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

强梁者不得其死，吾将以为教父。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Qiáng liáng zhě bù dé qí sǐ, wú jiāng yǐwéi jiào fù. [Pinyin]

The violent and strong do not die their natural death. I will make this the basis of my teaching.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bùdéqísǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bat¹ dak¹ kei⁴ sei²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): put tit kî sí

(Teochew, Peng'im): bug⁴ dig⁴ ki⁵ si²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bùdéqísǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bùdécísǐh
  - Wade–Giles: pu⁴-tê²-chʻi²-ssŭ³
  - Yale: bù-dé-chí-sž
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buderchyisyy
  - Palladius: будэцисы (budɛcisy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bat¹ dak¹ kei⁴ sei²
  - Yale: bāt dāk kèih séi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bat⁷ dak⁷ kei⁴ sei²
  - Guangdong Romanization: bed¹ deg¹ kéi⁴ séi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐt̚⁵ tɐk̚⁵ kʰei̯²¹ sei̯³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: put tit kî sí
  - Tâi-lô: put tit kî sí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pud did kii sie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /put̚³²⁻⁴ tit̚³²⁻⁴ ki²⁴⁻²² si⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /put̚⁵⁻²⁴ tit̚⁵⁻²⁴ ki²⁴⁻²² si⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /put̚³²⁻⁵ tit̚³²⁻⁵ ki¹³⁻²² si⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /put̚³²⁻⁴ tit̚³²⁻⁴ ki²⁴⁻¹¹ si⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /put̚³²⁻⁴ tit̚³²⁻⁴ ki²³⁻³³ si⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bug⁴ dig⁴ ki⁵ si²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: puk tik khî sí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puk̚²⁻⁴ tik̚²⁻⁴ kʰi⁵⁵⁻¹¹ si⁵²/

Verb

不得其死

(colloquial) to die suddenly for no reason at all

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (不得其死):

→ Vietnamese: bất đắc kì tử (不得其死)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
不	得	其	死

Adverb

不得其死

chữ Hán form of bất đắc kì tử (“suddenly”).

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