おか

Japanese

Etymology 1

Alternative spellings
丘
岡 (only in proper nouns)

/woka/ → /oka/

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Kojiki of 712[1] and the Man'yōshū of 759.[2]

In turn, possibly originally a compound of 峰 (wo, “high place, a height”) +‎ 処 (ka, suffixing element denoting "place").[1][2]

Pronunciation

Noun

おか • (oka) ←をか (woka)?

  1. hill
    丘(おか)を下(くだ)る
    oka o kudaru
    to go down a hill
Derived terms
See also

Proper noun

おか • (Oka) ←をか (woka)?

  1. a surname

Etymology 2

Alternative spellings
陸
岡 (rare)

Appears to be a shift in sense of 岡・丘 (oka, “hill”). First attested in a text from 1310.[6]

Pronunciation

Noun

おか • (oka) ←をか (woka)?

  1. [from 1310] land, ground (as opposed to the sea or other bodies of water)
    Synonyms: 陸地 (rikuchi), 陸 (riku), くにが (kuniga), くぬが (kunuga), くが (kuga)
  2. [from 1708] the bathing area next to an お風呂 (ofuro, “traditional Japanese soaking tub”), often raised relative to the tub basin
  3. [from 1873] the raised portion of a 硯 (suzuri, “inkstone”) where one grinds the stick of India ink (as opposed to the 池 (ike, literally “pond”) or 海 (umi, literally “sea”), the small depressed basin area where one pours in the water)

Etymology 3

Alternative forms
  • おかー (okā)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [o̞ka̠]

Interjection

おか • (oka) 

  1. (Internet slang) short for おかえり (okaeri): welcome back, welcome home

References
  1. “丘・岡”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  6. “陸・岡”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
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