下る

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
くだ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
降る

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) だる [kùdárú] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [kɯ̟ᵝda̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "下る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
下る だる [kùdárú]
Imperative (命令形) 下れ だれ [kùdáré]
Key constructions
Passive 下られる だられる [kùdárárérú]
Causative 下らせる だらせる [kùdárásérú]
Potential 下れる だれる [kùdárérú]
Volitional 下ろう だろ [kùdáróꜜò]
Negative 下らない だらない [kùdáránáí]
Negative perfective 下らなかった だらなかった [kùdáránáꜜkàttà]
Formal 下ります だりま [kùdárímáꜜsù]
Perfective 下った だった [kùdáttá]
Conjunctive 下って だって [kùdátté]
Hypothetical conditional 下れば だれ [kùdáréꜜbà]

Verb

(くだ) • (kudaru) intransitive godan (stem (くだ) (kudari), past (くだ)った (kudatta))

Japanese verb pair
active (くだ) ((くだ))
mediopassive (くだ) ((くだ))
  1. descend
  2. hand down an order, issue, sentence
  3. surrender
  4. have diarrhea
Conjugation

See also

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
さ(が)
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 下る – see the following entry.
がる
[verb] to hang (down)
[verb] to fall, descend
[verb] to stand back; to withdraw
(This term, 下る, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
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