কঁঠাল
Assamese
কঁঠাল
Alternative forms
- কাঁঠল (kãthol), কঁঠল (kõthol) — Kamrupi
Etymology
Inherited from Early Assamese কণ্ঠাল (koṇṭhalo), from Sanskrit কণ্টফল (kaṇṭaphala, “literally, thorny fruit”). Cognate with Kamta কাঁঠোল (kãthül), Bengali কাঁঠাল (kãṭhal), Sylheti ꠇꠣꠑꠟ (xaṭól), Rohingya haththól.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɔ̃tʰal/
Declension
Inflection of কঁঠাল
| Indefinite forms | Definite forms | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| numeral | non-numeral (plural) | ||||||||
| singular | plural | informal | |||||||
| absolutive | কঁঠাল kõthal |
কঁঠালটো kõthaltü |
কঁঠালকেইটা kõthalkeita |
কঁঠালবোৰ kõthalbür |
কঁঠালবিলাক kõthalbilak | ||||
| ergative | কঁঠালে kõthale |
কঁঠালটোৱে kõthaltüe |
কঁঠালকেইটাই kõthalkeitai |
কঁঠালবোৰে kõthalbüre |
কঁঠালবিলাকে kõthalbilake | ||||
| accusative | কঁঠালক kõthalok |
কঁঠালটোক kõthaltük |
কঁঠালকেইটাক kõthalkeitak |
কঁঠালবোৰক kõthalbürok |
কঁঠালবিলাকক kõthalbilakok | ||||
| genitive | কঁঠালৰ kõthalor |
কঁঠালটোৰ kõthaltür |
কঁঠালকেইটাৰ kõthalkeitar |
কঁঠালবোৰৰ kõthalbüror |
কঁঠালবিলাকৰ kõthalbilakor | ||||
| dative | কঁঠাললৈ kõthaloloi |
কঁঠালটোলৈ kõthaltüloi |
কঁঠালকেইটালৈ kõthalkeitaloi |
কঁঠালবোৰলৈ kõthalbüroloi |
কঁঠালবিলাকলৈ kõthalbilakoloi | ||||
| terminative | কঁঠাললৈকে kõthaloloike |
কঁঠালটোলৈকে kõthaltüloike |
কঁঠালকেইটালৈকে kõthalkeitaloike |
কঁঠালবোৰলৈকে kõthalbüroloike |
কঁঠালবিলাকলৈকে kõthalbilakoloike | ||||
| instrumental | কঁঠালেৰে kõthalere |
কঁঠালটোৰে kõthaltüre |
কঁঠালকেইটাৰে kõthalkeitare |
কঁঠালবোৰেৰে kõthalbürere |
কঁঠালবিলাকেৰে kõthalbilakere | ||||
| locative | কঁঠালত kõthalot |
কঁঠালটোত kõthaltüt |
কঁঠালকেইটাত kõthalkeitat |
কঁঠালবোৰত kõthalbürot |
কঁঠালবিলাকত kõthalbilakot | ||||
| Accusative Note: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative Note 1: Some speakers use -অলৈ (-oloi)'s variant -অলে (-ole) instead. Dative Note 2: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative Note 3: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Instrumental Note 1: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) marks this case instead of -এৰে (-ere). Instrumental Note 2: Sometimes -এ (-e) marks this case. Locative Note: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in some cases. | |||||||||
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