सत्

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsáns ~ *Hsatás (“being, existing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sónts (“being, existing”). Equivalent to अस् (as, “to be”) +‎ -अत् (-at). Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬙 (haṇt), Ancient Greek ὤν (ṓn), Latin prae-sēns (“present”), Old English sōþ.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́t/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐt̪/

सत् • (sát) present active participle (root अस्)

1. present participle of अस्ति (asti); being, existing, occurring, happening, being present
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.129.01:

     नासदासीन्नो सद् आसीत्तदानीं नासीद्रजो नो व्योमा परो यत्।
     किमावरीवः कुह कस्य शर्मन्नम्भः किमासीद्गहनं गभीरम्॥

     nāsadāsīnno sad āsīttadānīṃ nāsīdrajo no vyomā paro yat.
     kimāvarīvaḥ kuha kasya śarmannambhaḥ kimāsīdgahanaṃ gabhīram.

     Then was not non-existent nor existent: there was no realm of air, no sky beyond it.
     What covered in, and where? and what gave shelter? Was water there, unfathomed depth of water?

2. (with locative) abiding in
3. (with genitive) belonging to
4. living
5. lasting, enduring
6. real, actual, as any one or anything ought to be, true, good, right

सत् • (sát) stem, m

1. a being; (in the plural) beings, creatures
2. a good or wise man, a sage
3. good or honest or wise or respectable people

सत् • (sat) stem, n

1. entity or existence, essence
2. that which is good or real or true, reality, truth

• सती (satī́)
• सत्य (satyá)
• सत्त्व (sattvá)
• सत्कार (satkāra)
• सत्कृत्य (satkṛtya)
• सत्पति (satpati)
• सत्पथ (satpatha)
• सत्पुत्र (satputra)
• सत्फल (satphala)
• सत्संकल्प (satsaṃkalpa)

• Monier Williams (1899) “सत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1134.