Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hsáns

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁sónts.

Participle

*Hsáns

present active participle of *Hásti

Adjective

*Hsáns

real, true
good

Derived terms

*Hsátˢtaras (“better”)
- Proto-Iranian: *Hhástarah
  - Khotanese: 𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀭 (hastara, “better”)
*Hsatˢtamás (“best, chief, most capable”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hsattamás
  - Sanskrit: सत्तम (sattamá, “best, chief”)
- Proto-Iranian: *Hhastamah
  - Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (hastəma, “most capable”)
  - Khotanese: 𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀫 (hastama, “best”)
*HsatíH f
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HsatíH
  - Sanskrit: सती (satī́)
- Proto-Iranian: *HhatíH
  - Avestan:
    Old Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬍𐬙𐬍 (haītī)
    
    Younger Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬍 (haⁱtī)

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hsáns
- Sanskrit: सन्त् (sánt), सन् (sán, nom.sg.)
Proto-Iranian: *Hháns
- Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬙 (haṇt), 𐬵𐬄𐬯 (hąs, nom.sg.)
⇒ Proto-Nuristani: *-sãtaká (adjectival/nominal suffix)
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Kamkata-viri:
    Kamviri: -stë
    
    Kativiri: -stë
- Southern Nuristani:
  - Ashkun: -stë
  - Waigali: -stë

References

Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “sánt-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

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