लोक

See also: लंका

Awadhi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लोक (loká).

Noun

लोक (lok) (plural लोकन)

  1. world (countable)
    • Tulsidas, संकटमोचन हनुमानाष्टक :
      तब तीनहुँ लोक भयो अँधियारो।
      tab tīnhũ lok bhayo andhiyāro.
      Then, the three worlds turned dark

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लोक (loka). Doublet of लोग (log) and लोअ (loa).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /loːk/

Noun

लोक • (lok) m (Urdu spelling لوک)

  1. public
    Synonym: जन (jan)
    हमारा नेता बड़ा धोखेबाज़ है, पर लोक द्वारा समर्थित है।
    hamārā netā baṛā dhokhebāz hai, par lok dvārā samarthit hai.
    Our leader is a cheat, but he is supported by the public.
  2. folk
    Synonym: लोग (log)
    यह चावल गाँव लोक से आते हैं।
    yah cāval gā̃v lok se āte ha͠i.
    This rice comes from the village folk.
  3. world
    मौत के समय पर, हर एक आदमी स्वर्ग-लोक पहुँचना चाहते हैं।
    maut ke samay par, har ek ādmī svarg-lok pahũcnā cāhte ha͠i.
    Each and every person wants to go to the world of paradise (heaven) upon their death.

Declension

Derived terms

References

  • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “लोक”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Konkani

Noun

लोक • (lok) m (Latin script lok, Kannada script ಲೊಕ್)

  1. (plural only) people

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit लोक (loká).

Noun

लोक • (lok) m pl

  1. people, folk

References

  • Berntsen, Maxine, “लोक”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “लोक”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Noun

लोक m

  1. Devanagari script form of loka (“world”)

Declension

Rajbanshi

Noun

लोक (lok) (classifier , plural लोकला)

  1. man

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *lawkás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *lawkás, from Proto-Indo-European *lowk-ó-s, from *lewk- (to shine).

Cognate with Latin lūcus (sacred grove), Lithuanian laũkas (field), Old English lēah (open field, meadow) (whence English lea). Probably unrelated to Latin locus.

Pronunciation

Noun

लोक • (loká) stem, m (Vedic lauká)

  1. free or open space
  2. world
  3. sight
  4. place
  5. the earth or world of human beings; "this world"
  6. the inhabitants of the world, mankind, folk, people
  7. men (as opposed to women)
  8. a company, community
  9. ordinary life, worldly affairs, common practice or usage

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of लोक (loká)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative लोकः
lokáḥ
लोकौ / लोका¹
lokaú / lokā́¹
लोकाः / लोकासः¹
lokā́ḥ / lokā́saḥ¹
Vocative लोक
lóka
लोकौ / लोका¹
lókau / lókā¹
लोकाः / लोकासः¹
lókāḥ / lókāsaḥ¹
Accusative लोकम्
lokám
लोकौ / लोका¹
lokaú / lokā́¹
लोकान्
lokā́n
Instrumental लोकेन
lokéna
लोकाभ्याम्
lokā́bhyām
लोकैः / लोकेभिः¹
lokaíḥ / lokébhiḥ¹
Dative लोकाय
lokā́ya
लोकाभ्याम्
lokā́bhyām
लोकेभ्यः
lokébhyaḥ
Ablative लोकात्
lokā́t
लोकाभ्याम्
lokā́bhyām
लोकेभ्यः
lokébhyaḥ
Genitive लोकस्य
lokásya
लोकयोः
lokáyoḥ
लोकानाम्
lokā́nām
Locative लोके
loké
लोकयोः
lokáyoḥ
लोकेषु
lokéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

  • Austronesian:
    • Balinese: ᬮᭀᬓ (loka)
    • Javanese: ꦭꦺꦴꦏ (loka, loko)
      • Banyumasan: ꦭꦺꦴꦏ (lokak)
  • Awadhi: लोक (lok) (learned)
  • Assamese: লোক (lük)
  • Bengali: লোক (lōk)
  • Burmese: လောက (lau:ka.)
  • Proto-Iranian: *lōka
    • Parthian: (/⁠lōg⁠/, world)
      Manichaean script: 𐫓𐫇𐫃 (lwg)
    • Sogdian: (/⁠δoka~loka, rok~lok⁠/, world)
      Buddhist Sogdian: [script needed] (δwkʾ), [script needed] (rwk)
  • Hindi: लोग (log), लोक (lok)
  • Kashmiri: لوٗکھ (lūkh), لُکھ (lukh)
  • Lao: ໂລກ (lōk)
  • Malayalam: ലോകം (lōkaṁ), ഉലകം (ulakaṁ)
  • Mon: လောက (lòkaˀ)
  • Odia: ଲୋକ (lokô)
  • Punjabi: ਲੋਕ (lok)
  • Telugu: లోకము (lōkamu)
  • Tamil: லோகம் (lōkam), உலகம் (ulakam)
  • Thai: โลก (lôok)
  • Urdu: لوگ (log)

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “लोक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 906/1-2.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 481
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