धातु
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /d̪ʱɑː.t̪uː/, [d̪ʱäː.t̪uː]
Noun
धातु • (dhātu) f or m
 |
This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them! Particularly: “Especially showing the change in gender.” |
Declension
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “धातु”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- “धातु”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
- Platts, John T. (1884) “धातु”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Pali
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
Declension
Declension table of "धातु" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | धातु (dhātu) | धातुयो (dhātuyo) or धातू (dhātū) |
| Accusative (second) | धातुं (dhātuṃ) | धातुयो (dhātuyo) or धातू (dhātū) |
| Instrumental (third) | धातुया (dhātuyā) | धातूहि (dhātūhi) or धातूभि (dhātūbhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | धातुया (dhātuyā) | धातूनं (dhātūnaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | धातुया (dhātuyā) | धातूहि (dhātūhi) or धातूभि (dhātūbhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | धातुया (dhātuyā) | धातूनं (dhātūnaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | धातुया (dhātuyā) or धातुयं (dhātuyaṃ) | धातूसु (dhātūsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | धातु (dhātu) | धातुयो (dhātuyo) or धातू (dhātū) |
Etymology 2
Noun
धातु m
- Devanagari script form of dhātu (“root of a word”)
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar], page 283; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
- दिस इच्चेतस्स धातुस्स पस्स दिस्स दक्ख इच्चेते आदेसा होन्ति वा।
- Disa iccetassa dhātussa passa dissa dakkha iccete ādesā honti vā.
- 'Dis': this root may become 'pass', 'diss' or 'dakkh'.
Declension
Declension table of "धातु" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | धातु (dhātu) | धातवो (dhātavo) or धातू (dhātū) |
| Accusative (second) | धातुं (dhātuṃ) | धातवो (dhātavo) or धातू (dhātū) |
| Instrumental (third) | धातुना (dhātunā) | धातूहि (dhātūhi) or धातूभि (dhātūbhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | धातुस्स (dhātussa) or धातुनो (dhātuno) | धातूनं (dhātūnaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | धातुस्मा (dhātusmā) or धातुम्हा (dhātumhā) | धातूहि (dhātūhi) or धातूभि (dhātūbhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | धातुस्स (dhātussa) or धातुनो (dhātuno) | धातूनं (dhātūnaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | धातुस्मिं (dhātusmiṃ) or धातुम्हि (dhātumhi) | धातूसु (dhātūsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | धातु (dhātu) | धातवे (dhātave) or धातवो (dhātavo) |
Sanskrit
Etymology
Maybe inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁-tu-, in that case cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬜𐬁𐬙𐬎 (vīδātu, “justification, providence”), Lithuanian dė́tų (“putting, placing”, w:supine) (dated), Old Church Slavonic дѣтъ (dětŭ, “putting, placing”, supine).[1] Can be deconstructed as धा (dhā, “to put, place”) + -तु (-tu) (see दधाति (dádhāti)).[2] The Sanskrit meaning may be explained as having developed from a resultative, ie “*the outcome of putting down”.[3]
Noun
धातु • (dhā́tu) stem, m
Declension
| Masculine u-stem declension of धातु (dhā́tu) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | धातुः dhā́tuḥ |
धातू dhā́tū |
धातवः dhā́tavaḥ |
| Vocative | धातो dhā́to |
धातू dhā́tū |
धातवः dhā́tavaḥ |
| Accusative | धातुम् dhā́tum |
धातू dhā́tū |
धातून् dhā́tūn |
| Instrumental | धातुना / धात्वा¹ dhā́tunā / dhā́tvā¹ |
धातुभ्याम् dhā́tubhyām |
धातुभिः dhā́tubhiḥ |
| Dative | धातवे / धात्वे¹ dhā́tave / dhā́tve¹ |
धातुभ्याम् dhā́tubhyām |
धातुभ्यः dhā́tubhyaḥ |
| Ablative | धातोः / धात्वः¹ dhā́toḥ / dhā́tvaḥ¹ |
धातुभ्याम् dhā́tubhyām |
धातुभ्यः dhā́tubhyaḥ |
| Genitive | धातोः / धात्वः¹ dhā́toḥ / dhā́tvaḥ¹ |
धात्वोः dhā́tvoḥ |
धातूनाम् dhā́tūnām |
| Locative | धातौ dhā́tau |
धात्वोः dhā́tvoḥ |
धातुषु dhā́tuṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
References
- Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 101f.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 784
- Wackernagel, Jakob (1896-1964) Altindische Grammatik [Grammar of Ancient Indian] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume II.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 663-65
Further reading
- Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “धातु”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Monier Williams (1899) “धातु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 513.
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