गोरूप

Sanskrit

Etymology

गो (go, “cow”) +‎ रूप (rūpa, “shape”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐw.ɾuː.pɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ɡoːˈɾuː.pɐ/

Adjective

गोरूप • (gorūpá) stem

bovine, cow-like, cow-shaped
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 9.7.25:
  एतद्वै विश्वरूपं सर्वरूपं गोरूपम् ॥
  etadvai viśvarūpaṃ sarvarūpaṃ gorūpam.
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 13.737

Noun

गोरूप • (gorūpá) stem, n

the shape of a cow

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of गोरूप
Nom. sg.	गोरूपम् (gorūpam)
Gen. sg.	गोरूपस्य (gorūpasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गोरूपम् (gorūpam)	गोरूपे (gorūpe)	गोरूपानि (gorūpāni)
Vocative	गोरूप (gorūpa)	गोरूपे (gorūpe)	गोरूपानि (gorūpāni)
Accusative	गोरूपम् (gorūpam)	गोरूपे (gorūpe)	गोरूपानि (gorūpāni)
Instrumental	गोरूपेन (gorūpena)	गोरूपाभ्याम् (gorūpābhyām)	गोरूपैः (gorūpaiḥ)
Dative	गोरूपाय (gorūpāya)	गोरूपाभ्याम् (gorūpābhyām)	गोरूपेभ्यः (gorūpebhyaḥ)
Ablative	गोरूपात् (gorūpāt)	गोरूपाभ्याम् (gorūpābhyām)	गोरूपेभ्यः (gorūpebhyaḥ)
Genitive	गोरूपस्य (gorūpasya)	गोरूपयोः (gorūpayoḥ)	गोरूपानाम् (gorūpānām)
Locative	गोरूपे (gorūpe)	गोरूपयोः (gorūpayoḥ)	गोरूपेषु (gorūpeṣu)

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: gōrū
  Arabic script: گوروٗ
  
  Devanagari script: गोरू
- Shina:
  - Savi: [script needed] (gorū́)
Pali: gōrūpa
Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀽𑀯 (gorūva)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Hindustani: gorū, goruā
      - Hindi: गोरू, गोरुआ
      - Urdu: گورُو (gorū), گورُءَا
    - Romani: guruv, gōrū, gōrwī, gōrwa, guruvni, gurumni
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: গৰু (goru, “cattle, cow”)
    - Bengali: গোরু (gōru, “cow, ox; cattle”), গরু (goru)
    - Bihari: गोरू (gorū)
      - Bhojpuri: गोरू (gōrū)
    - Odia: ଗୋରୂ (goru)
    - Sylheti: ꠉꠞꠥ (goru, “cow; cattle”)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Garhwali: गोरु (goru)
      - Kumaoni: गोरू (gorū)
    - Eastern Pahari:
      - Nepali: गोरु (goru)
    - Western Pahari:
      - Bhadrawahi: [script needed] (görõ)
      - Churahi: गोरू (gorū)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: gorū
        Gurmukhi script: ਗੋਰੂ
        
        Shahmukhi script: گورُو
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi:
        Jadgali: [script needed] (goru)
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ގެރި (geri), ގޮނގެރި (goⁿgeri)
    - Sinhalese: ගෙරියා (geriyā)
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Konkani: गोर्वां (gōrvā̃, “cattle”)
    - Old Marathi: गुरुं (guruṃ)
      - Marathi: गुरू (gurū, “cattle”), गुरें (gurẽ), गोरूं (gorū̃)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “गोरूप”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 366.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gorupa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 231

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