उदक

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उदक (udaká).

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʊ.d̪ək/, [ʊ.d̪ɐk]

Noun

उदक • (udak) m

(rare, formal) water
Synonyms: पानी (pānī), जल (jal), वारि (vāri), अंबु (ambu), नीर (nīr), आब (āb)
the ceremony of offering water to a dead person

Declension

Declension of उदक (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	उदक udak	उदक udak
oblique	उदक udak	उदकों udakõ
vocative	उदक udak	उदको udako

References

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “उदक”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Platts, John T. (1884) “उदक”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “उदक”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha

Konkani

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit उदक (udaká).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /u.d̪əː/, [u.d̪əːk]
(dialectal)
- IPA^(key): /u.d̪iːk/, [u.d̪iː]

Noun

उदक • (udak) n (Latin script udok, Kannada script ಉದಕ)

water

Declension

Declension of उदक
	singular	plural
ergative	उदकान (udakan)	—
nominative	उदक (udak)	—
vocative	उदक (udak)	—
accusative/dative	उदकाक (udkāk)	—
superessive	उदकाचेर/उदकान (udkācer/udkān)	—
instrumental	उदकानि (udakāni)	—
ablative	उदकात्ल्यान (udkātlyān)	—

Genitive declension of उदक
	masculine object		feminine object
	singular	plural	singular	plural
singular subject	उदकाचो (udkātsô)	उदकाचे (udkāce)	उदकाची (udkācī)	उदकाची (udkācī)
plural subject	—	—	—	—

Pali

Alternative forms

udaka (Latin script)
𑀉𑀤𑀓 (Brahmi script)
উদক (Bengali script)
උදක (Sinhalese script)
ဥဒက or ဢုၻၵ (Burmese script)
อุทก or อุทะกะ (Thai script)
ᩏᨴᨠ (Tai Tham script)
ອຸທກ or ອຸທະກະ (Lao script)
ឧទក (Khmer script)
𑄃𑄪𑄘𑄇 (Chakma script)

Noun

उदक n

Devanagari script form of udaka (“water”)

Declension

Declension table of "उदक" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	उदकं (udakaṃ)	उदकानि (udakāni)
Accusative (second)	उदकं (udakaṃ)	उदकानि (udakāni)
Instrumental (third)	उदकेन (udakena)	उदकेहि (udakehi) or उदकेभि (udakebhi)
Dative (fourth)	उदकस्स (udakassa) or उदकाय (udakāya) or उदकत्थं (udakatthaṃ)	उदकानं (udakānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	उदकस्मा (udakasmā) or उदकम्हा (udakamhā) or उदका (udakā)	उदकेहि (udakehi) or उदकेभि (udakebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	उदकस्स (udakassa)	उदकानं (udakānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	उदकस्मिं (udakasmiṃ) or उदकम्हि (udakamhi) or उदके (udake)	उदकेसु (udakesu)
Vocative (calling)	उदक (udaka)	उदकानि (udakāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

উদক (Assamese script)
ᬉᬤᬓ (Balinese script)
উদক (Bengali script)
𑰄𑰟𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀉𑀤𑀓 (Brahmi script)
ဥဒက (Burmese script)
ઉદક (Gujarati script)
ਉਦਕ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌉𑌦𑌕 (Grantha script)
ꦈꦢꦏ (Javanese script)
𑂇𑂠𑂍 (Kaithi script)
ಉದಕ (Kannada script)
ឧទក (Khmer script)
ອຸທກ (Lao script)
ഉദക (Malayalam script)
ᡠᡩᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘄𑘟𑘎 (Modi script)
ᠤᢑᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦤𑦿𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
𑐄𑐡𑐎 (Newa script)
ଉଦକ (Odia script)
ꢆꢣꢒ (Saurashtra script)
𑆇𑆢𑆑 (Sharada script)
𑖄𑖟𑖎 (Siddham script)
උදක (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩒𑩭𑩜 (Soyombo script)
𑚄𑚛𑚊 (Takri script)
உத³க (Tamil script)
ఉదక (Telugu script)
อุทก (Thai script)
ཨུ་ད་ཀ (Tibetan script)
𑒅𑒠𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨃𑨛𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From उदन् (udan), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ (“water”). Cognate with English water, Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) and Russian вода́ (vodá).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.dɐ.kɐ́/

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu.d̪ɐ.kɐ/

Noun

उदक • (udaká) stem, n

water
Synonyms: see Thesaurus:जल
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.166.5:
  अधस्पदान्म उद्वदत मण्डूका इव्ओदकान्मण्डूका उदकाद्इव ॥
  adhaspadānma udvadata maṇḍūkā ivodakānmaṇḍūkā udakādiva.
  Speak to me from beneath my feet, as frogs from out the water croak, as frogs from out the water croak.
the ceremony of offering water to a dead person
ablution (as a ceremony)
a particular metre

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of उदक (udaká)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	उदकम् udakám	उदके udaké	उदकानि / उदका¹ udakā́ni / udakā́¹
Vocative	उदक údaka	उदके údake	उदकानि / उदका¹ údakāni / údakā¹
Accusative	उदकम् udakám	उदके udaké	उदकानि / उदका¹ udakā́ni / udakā́¹
Instrumental	उदकेन udakéna	उदकाभ्याम् udakā́bhyām	उदकैः / उदकेभिः¹ udakaíḥ / udakébhiḥ¹
Dative	उदकाय udakā́ya	उदकाभ्याम् udakā́bhyām	उदकेभ्यः udakébhyaḥ
Ablative	उदकात् udakā́t	उदकाभ्याम् udakā́bhyām	उदकेभ्यः udakébhyaḥ
Genitive	उदकस्य udakásya	उदकयोः udakáyoḥ	उदकानाम् udakā́nām
Locative	उदके udaké	उदकयोः udakáyoḥ	उदकेषु udakéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀕 (udaga), 𑀤𑀕 (daga), 𑀉𑀤𑀬 (udaya)
Dardic:
- Kalasha: uk
- Khowar: اُوغ (úuɣ)
Helu Prakrit:
- Sinhalese: දිය (diya)
Gandhari: 𐨀𐨂𐨡𐨒 (udaga)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀅 (udaa)
→ Bengali: উদক (udok)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀅𑀅 (uaa), 𑀉𑀤𑀬 (udaya)
Niya Prakrit: 𐨀𐨂𐨡𐨒𐨹 (udaǵa)
Pali: udaka
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀅 (udaa)
→ Hindi: उदक (udak)
→ Konkani: udak
Devanagari script: उदक

Kannada script: ಉದಕ

Latin script: udok
→ Telugu: ఉదకము (udakamu)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “उदक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 183, column 2.

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