نفرین
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian [script needed] (npryn /nifrīn/), ultimately from a negated form of Proto-Indo-European *preyH- (“to love, to please”) and related to آفرین (âfarin, “acclamation, bravo”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [nif.ɾiːn]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [nɪf.ɾiːn]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [nɪf.ɾiːn]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [nif.ɾin]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [nef.ɹiːn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [nif.ɾin]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | nifrīn |
| Dari reading? | nifrīn |
| Iranian reading? | nefrin |
| Tajik reading? | nifrin |
Noun
نفرین • (nefrin)
- curse
- Synonym: لعنت (la'nat)
- 1010, Abu'l-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi, “Fereydun”, in Dick Davis, transl., Shâhnâme [Shahnameh: The Persian Book of Kings], Penguin Books, published 1997:
- نهاد آن سرش پست بر خاک بر
همی خواند نفرین به ضحاک بر
همی آفرین خواند بر کردگار
بر آن شادمان گردش روزگار- nahâd ân sar-aš past bar xâk bar
hami xând nefrin be zahhâk bar
hami âfarin xând bar kardegâr
bar ân šâdmân gardeš-e ruzgâr - She bowed her head down to the ground, cursing Zahhak and praising God who had brought about such a happy turn of events.
- nahâd ân sar-aš past bar xâk bar
Derived terms
- نفرین کردن (nefrin kardan, “to curse”)
- نفرین کرده (nefrin karde, “cursed”)
References
- Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 87-8
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