شكر
Arabic
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
شَكَرَ • (šakara) I, non-past يَشْكُرُ (yaškuru)
- to thank, to be thankful, to be grateful
- شَكَرَ لَهُ عَمَلَهُ ― šakara lahu ʕamalahu ― He thanked him for his work.
- to praise, to laud, to extol
- to acknowledge, to acknowledge goodness
Conjugation
Conjugation of
شَكَرَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns شُكْر or شُكْرَان)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
šukr or šukrān | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
šākir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maškūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šakartu |
šakarta |
šakara |
شَكَرْتُمَا šakartumā |
šakarā |
šakarnā |
šakartum |
šakarū | |||
f | šakarti |
šakarat |
شَكَرَتَا šakaratā |
šakartunna |
šakarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaškuru |
taškuru |
yaškuru |
تَشْكُرَانِ taškurāni |
يَشْكُرَانِ yaškurāni |
naškuru |
taškurūna |
yaškurūna | |||
f | taškurīna |
taškuru |
تَشْكُرَانِ taškurāni |
taškurna |
yaškurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaškura |
taškura |
yaškura |
تَشْكُرَا taškurā |
يَشْكُرَا yaškurā |
naškura |
taškurū |
yaškurū | |||
f | taškurī |
taškura |
تَشْكُرَا taškurā |
taškurna |
yaškurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaškur |
taškur |
yaškur |
تَشْكُرَا taškurā |
يَشْكُرَا yaškurā |
naškur |
taškurū |
yaškurū | |||
f | taškurī |
taškur |
تَشْكُرَا taškurā |
taškurna |
yaškurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uškur |
اُشْكُرَا uškurā |
uškurū |
||||||||
f | uškurī |
uškurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šukirtu |
šukirta |
šukira |
شُكِرْتُمَا šukirtumā |
šukirā |
šukirnā |
šukirtum |
šukirū | |||
f | šukirti |
šukirat |
شُكِرَتَا šukiratā |
šukirtunna |
šukirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuškaru |
tuškaru |
yuškaru |
تُشْكَرَانِ tuškarāni |
يُشْكَرَانِ yuškarāni |
nuškaru |
tuškarūna |
yuškarūna | |||
f | tuškarīna |
tuškaru |
تُشْكَرَانِ tuškarāni |
tuškarna |
yuškarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuškara |
tuškara |
yuškara |
تُشْكَرَا tuškarā |
يُشْكَرَا yuškarā |
nuškara |
tuškarū |
yuškarū | |||
f | tuškarī |
tuškara |
تُشْكَرَا tuškarā |
tuškarna |
yuškarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuškar |
tuškar |
yuškar |
تُشْكَرَا tuškarā |
يُشْكَرَا yuškarā |
nuškar |
tuškarū |
yuškarū | |||
f | tuškarī |
tuškar |
تُشْكَرَا tuškarā |
tuškarna |
yuškarna |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃukr/
Declension
Declension of noun شُكْر (šukr)
Antonyms
- جُحُود (juḥūd)
Derived terms
- شُكْراً (šukran, “thanks”, interjection)
- شُكْرِيّ (šukriyy, “of thanks, thanking”, adjective)
- شُكْرِيّ (šukriyy, a male given name, Shukri, meaning ‘thankful’)
- شُكْرِيَّة (šukriyya, a female given name, Shukriyya, meaning ‘thankful’)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: şükr, şükür
- → Bashkir: шөкөр (şökör)
- → Bengali: শোকর (śōkor)
- → Chagatai: شکر
- → Hindustani:
- → Kazakh: шүкір (şükır)
- → Malay: syukur
- → Ottoman Turkish: شُكْر (şükr)
- → Pashto: شکر (šukr)
- → Persian: شکر (šokr)
- → Punjabi:
- → Sindhi: شُڪُرُ (śukuru)
- → Swahili: shukuru
- → Tatar: шөкер (şöker)
- → Turkmen: şükür
(Indo-Aryan interjections meaning ‘thank you’, all derived from شُكْر (šukr) + ـِيَّة (-iyya) (not borrowed from Arabic شُكْرِيَّة (šukriyya)):
Gulf Arabic
Etymology
Borrowed from Persian شكر & Ottoman Turkish شکر (šakar)
Pronunciation
- (Sharg sub-dialect, Kuwait) IPA(key): /ʃɪkər/
- (Finṭās sub-dialect, Kuwait) IPA(key): /ʃəkər/
- (Jibla sub-dialect, Kuwait) IPA(key): /ʃəkɪr/
See usage notes.
Usage
In Kuwait, some people use the Standard Arabic form (سُكَّر (sukkar)) instead as the pronunciation can be a shibboleth.
Ottoman Turkish

شکر
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Persian شکر (šakar), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar, originally meaning grit, gravel”).
Noun
شكر • (şeker)
- sugar, sucrose obtained by various plants, such as the sugar cane or the sugar beet
- به شکر به شاب ― neither fish nor fowl (literally, “better sugar or alum”)
- sugar-plum, comfit, a round or oval piece of candy made of boiled sugar
Derived terms
- خام شكر (ham şeker, “raw sugar”)
- سوت شكری (süt şekeri, “sugar of milk”)
- شكر ایشی (şeker işi, “confectionery”)
- شكر رنك (şeker renk, “sugar colored”)
- شكر علتی (şeker ʼilleti, “diabetes mellitus”)
- شكر قامشی (şeker kamışı, “sugar cane”)
- شكر كسدرمك (şeker kesdirmek, “to clarify sugar”)
- شكر گفتار (şeker güftar, “suaviloquent”)
- شكرآب (şekerab, “resentment between two persons”)
- شكربار (şekerbar, “sugary”)
- شكرجی (şekerci, “confectioner”)
- شكرریز (şekerriz, “sweet, sugary”)
- شكرستان (şekeristan, “plantation of sugar cane”)
- شكرلك (şekerlik, “quality of sugar”)
- شكرلمك (şekerlemek, “to sugar, sweeten”)
- شكرلنمك (şekerlenmek, “to be sugared, sweetened”)
- شكرلو (şekerli, “containing sugar”)
Descendants
- Turkish: şeker
- → Adyghe: шэкэр (šɛkɛr)
- → Albanian: sheqer
- → Armenian: շեքեր (šekʻer)
- → Bulgarian: шеке́р (šekér)
- → Central Kurdish: شەکر (şekir)
- → Crimean Tatar: şeker
- → Gagauz: şeker
- → Gulf Arabic: شكر (shákar)
- → Iraqi Arabic: شكر (shákar)
- → Ladino: sheker
- → Laz: შექერი (şekeri), შეჩერი (şeçeri)
- → Macedonian: шеќер (šeḱer)
- → Northern Kurdish: şekir
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Zazaki: şeker
Further reading
click to expand
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şeker”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4450
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “شكر”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 288b
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شكر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 731
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Saccharum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1498
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “شكر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, columns 2839–2840
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شكر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1131
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr, “thankfulness, gratitude”), verbal noun of شَكَرَ (šakara, “to be thankful or gratelful”).
Noun
شكر • (şükr, vulg. şükür)
- thankfulness, gratitude, gratefulness, the state of being thankful
- Synonym: شكران (şükran)
Descendants
Further reading
click to expand
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şükür1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4506
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “شكر”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 289a
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شكر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 731
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Gratia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 665
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “شكر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 2841
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “şükür”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شكر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1131
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ش ك ر |
2 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃa.kar/, [ˈʃa.kar]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb
شكر • (šakar) I (present بشكر (boškor))
Conjugation
Conjugation of شكر (šakar) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | شكرت (šakart) | شكرت (šakart) | شكر (šakar) | شكرنا (šakarna) | شكرتو (šakartu) | شكرو (šakaru) | |
f | شكرتي (šakarti) | شكرت (šakrat) | ||||||
present | m | بشكر (baškor) | بتشكر (btoškor) | بشكر (boškor) | منشكر (mnoškor) | بتشكرو (btoškoru) | بشكرو (boškoru) | |
f | بتشكري (btoškori) | بتشكر (btoškor) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أشكر (ʔaškor) | تشكر (toškor) | يشكر (yoškor) | نشكر (noškor) | تشكرو (toškoru) | يشكرو (yoškoru) | |
f | تشكري (toškori) | تشكر (toškor) | ||||||
imperative | m | اشكر (oškor) | اشكرو (oškoru) | |||||
f | اشكري (oškori) |
See also
- شكرا (šukran, “thanks, thank you”)
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