دشوار
Persian
Alternative forms
- دشخوار (došxvâr), دژوار (dožvâr)
Etymology
From Middle Persian [script needed] (dwšw'l /dušwār/), from Old Persian [Term?]. By surface analysis, دش (duš-, “bad”) + خوار (xvâr, “easy; mean, abject”), denoting the opposite of easy;[1] see Proto-Iranian *duš- (“bad”) for more on the prefix. Compare Old Armenian դժուար (džuar), an Iranian borrowing.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [duʃ.ˈwɑːɾ]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [d̪ʊʃ.wɑ́ːɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [d̪ʊʃ.wɑ́ːɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [d̪uʃ.wɔ́ːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪oʃ.vɒ́ːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪uʃ.vɔ́ɾ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | dušwār |
| Dari reading? | dušwār |
| Iranian reading? | došvâr |
| Tajik reading? | dušvor |
Adjective
دشوار • (došvâr) (comparative دشوارتَر (došvâr-tar), superlative دشوارتَرین (došvâr-tarin))
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: düşvar
References
- Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 323
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