بغل

See also: بعل, نعل, تعل, and تغل

Arabic

Etymology

In view of the Sabaean Old South Arabian 𐩨𐩶𐩡 (bġl), attested once from the 1st century CE, Arabic has more likely borrowed thence and not from Ge'ez በቅል (bäḳl) as formerly claimed, but the Old South Arabian may be an Old Arabic loanword as well, mule breeding only introduced not long before from the North, thus an unknown-origin borrowing.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /baɣl/

Noun

بَغْل • (baḡl) m (plural بِغَال (biḡāl) or أَبْغَال (ʔabḡāl), feminine بَغْلَة (baḡla))

  1. the offspring of a jack and a mare, a mule
    Coordinate term: نَغْل (naḡl, “hinny”)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 16:8:
      وَخَلَقَ اللَّٰهُ الْخَيْلَ وَالْبِغَالَ وَالْحَمِيرَ لِتَرْكَبُوهَا وَزِينَةً
      wa-ḵalaqa llāhu l-ḵayla wa-l-biḡāla wa-l-ḥamīra li-tarkabū-hā wa-zīnatan
      And God created horses, mules, and asses for you to ride on and as an embellishment.

Declension
Declension of noun بَغْل (baḡl)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بَغْل
baḡl		 الْبَغْل
al-baḡl		 بَغْل
baḡl		 بَغْلَة
baḡla		 الْبَغْلَة
al-baḡla		 بَغْلَة
baḡlat
Nominative بَغْلٌ
baḡlun		 الْبَغْلُ
al-baḡlu		 بَغْلُ
baḡlu		 بَغْلَةٌ
baḡlatun		 الْبَغْلَةُ
al-baḡlatu		 بَغْلَةُ
baḡlatu
Accusative بَغْلًا
baḡlan		 الْبَغْلَ
al-baḡla		 بَغْلَ
baḡla		 بَغْلَةً
baḡlatan		 الْبَغْلَةَ
al-baḡlata		 بَغْلَةَ
baḡlata
Genitive بَغْلٍ
baḡlin		 الْبَغْلِ
al-baḡli		 بَغْلِ
baḡli		 بَغْلَةٍ
baḡlatin		 الْبَغْلَةِ
al-baḡlati		 بَغْلَةِ
baḡlati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بَغْلَيْن
baḡlayn		 الْبَغْلَيْن
al-baḡlayn		 بَغْلَيْ
baḡlay		 بَغْلَتَيْن
baḡlatayn		 الْبَغْلَتَيْن
al-baḡlatayn		 بَغْلَتَيْ
baḡlatay
Nominative بَغْلَانِ
baḡlāni		 الْبَغْلَانِ
al-baḡlāni		 بَغْلَا
baḡlā		 بَغْلَتَانِ
baḡlatāni		 الْبَغْلَتَانِ
al-baḡlatāni		 بَغْلَتَا
baḡlatā
Accusative بَغْلَيْنِ
baḡlayni		 الْبَغْلَيْنِ
al-baḡlayni		 بَغْلَيْ
baḡlay		 بَغْلَتَيْنِ
baḡlatayni		 الْبَغْلَتَيْنِ
al-baḡlatayni		 بَغْلَتَيْ
baḡlatay
Genitive بَغْلَيْنِ
baḡlayni		 الْبَغْلَيْنِ
al-baḡlayni		 بَغْلَيْ
baḡlay		 بَغْلَتَيْنِ
baḡlatayni		 الْبَغْلَتَيْنِ
al-baḡlatayni		 بَغْلَتَيْ
baḡlatay
Plural Masculine Feminine
basic broken plural triptote sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بِغَال‎; أَبْغَال
biḡāl‎; ʔabḡāl		 الْبِغَال‎; الْأَبْغَال
al-biḡāl‎; al-ʔabḡāl		 بِغَال‎; أَبْغَال
biḡāl‎; ʔabḡāl		 بَغَلَات
baḡalāt		 الْبَغَلَات
al-baḡalāt		 بَغَلَات
baḡalāt
Nominative بِغَالٌ‎; أَبْغَالٌ
biḡālun‎; ʔabḡālun		 الْبِغَالُ‎; الْأَبْغَالُ
al-biḡālu‎; al-ʔabḡālu		 بِغَالُ‎; أَبْغَالُ
biḡālu‎; ʔabḡālu		 بَغَلَاتٌ
baḡalātun		 الْبَغَلَاتُ
al-baḡalātu		 بَغَلَاتُ
baḡalātu
Accusative بِغَالًا‎; أَبْغَالًا
biḡālan‎; ʔabḡālan		 الْبِغَالَ‎; الْأَبْغَالَ
al-biḡāla‎; al-ʔabḡāla		 بِغَالَ‎; أَبْغَالَ
biḡāla‎; ʔabḡāla		 بَغَلَاتٍ
baḡalātin		 الْبَغَلَاتِ
al-baḡalāti		 بَغَلَاتِ
baḡalāti
Genitive بِغَالٍ‎; أَبْغَالٍ
biḡālin‎; ʔabḡālin		 الْبِغَالِ‎; الْأَبْغَالِ
al-biḡāli‎; al-ʔabḡāli		 بِغَالِ‎; أَبْغَالِ
biḡāli‎; ʔabḡāli		 بَغَلَاتٍ
baḡalātin		 الْبَغَلَاتِ
al-baḡalāti		 بَغَلَاتِ
baḡalāti

Descendants
  • Maltese: bagħal
  • → Harsusi: beġelēt
  • → Mehri: baġal, baġlēt
  • → Classical Mandaic: ࡁࡀࡂࡀࡋ (bagal)
  • → Classical Syriac: ܒܲܓܠܵܐ (baḡlā)
  • → Swahili: baghala

References
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 82
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 110
  • Hommel, Fritz (1879) Die Namen der Säugethiere bei den südsemitischen Völkern als Beiträge zur arabischen und äthiopischen Lexicographie, zur semitischen Kulturforschung und Sprachvergleichung und zur Geschichte der Mittelmeerfauna. Mit steter Berücksichtigung auch der assyrischen und hebräischen Thiernamen und geographischen und literaturgeschichtlichen Excursen‎ (in German), Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung, pages 112–117
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “بغل”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 146
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “بغل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 230
  • Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 101
  • Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume II: Animal Names, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 77–78 Nr. 55
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1879) “Die Namen der Säugethiere bei den südsemitischen Völkern als Beiträge zur arabischen und äthiopischen Lexicographie, zur semitischen Kulturforschung und Sprachvergleichung und zur Geschichte der Mittelmeerfauna. Mit steter Berücksichtigung auch der assyrischen und hebräischen Thiernamen und geographischen und literaturgeschichtlichen Excursen von Fritz Hommel. Leipzig 1879, J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung XX und 471 S. in Octav”, in Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen‎ (in German), page 1258
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 58
  • Sima, Alexander (2000) Tiere, Pflanzen, Steine und Metalle in den altsüdarabischen Inschriften (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 40–42

Persian

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [bä.ɣäl]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [bä.ɣäl]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [bä.ɣäl̥]

Readings
Classical reading? bağal
Dari reading? bağal
Iranian reading? bağal
Tajik reading? baġal

Noun
Dari بغل
Iranian Persian
Tajik бағал

بغل • (bağal)

  1. (Iran, Dari and Tajik) hug
  2. (Classical Persian, Tajik or obsolete) armpit
  3. (Tajik) lap

Derived terms
  • بغل کردن (bağal kardan)
  • زیر بغل (zêr-e/zir-e bağal)

Descendants

Urdu
a woman's بغل (bağal, "armpit, oxter")

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بغل (bağal).

Pronunciation
  • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /bə.ɣəl/
  • Audio (IN)(file)
  • Rhymes: -əl

Noun

بَغَل • (baġal) f (Hindi spelling बग़ल)

  1. armpit, oxter, axilla
  2. underarm
  3. the bosom (in relation to something which is held or guarded close to it)
  4. (figurative) on one side, aside, close by
  5. flank, margin
  6. (figurative) in between, within
  7. gusset of a garment's underarm

Declension
Declension of بغل
singular plural
direct بَغَل (baġal) بَغَلیں (baġalẽ)
oblique بَغَل (baġal) بَغَلوں (baġalõ)
vocative بَغَل (baġal) بَغَلو (baġalo)

Derived terms
  • بَغَل گَنْد (baġal-gand, “armpit odor”)
  • بَغَل سُونْگھنا (baġal suñghnā, “to smell an armpit”)
  • بَغَل بْچَّہ (baġal-buca, “the plump skin of the underarms”)
  • بَغَل بَچَّہ (baġal-baca, “a coddled child”)
  • بَغَل بنَانا (baġal banānā, “shaving/grooming ones armpits”)
  • بَغَل گِیر (baġal-gīr, “embrace, hug”)
  • بَغَل گَرْمانا (baġal garmānā, “embrace which leads to sexual intercourse”)
  • بَغَل بَنْد (baġal-band, “rope tied up under the armpits”)

References
  • “بغل”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
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