أخ

See also: اخ, آخ, آچ, and آج

Arabic

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ʾaḫ-, from the root ء خ و (ʔ-ḵ-w). Cognate with Hebrew אח (akh).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʔax/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

أَخ • (ʔaḵ) m (construct state أَخُو (ʔaḵū), dual أَخَوَان (ʔaḵawān), plural إِخْوَة (ʔiḵwa) or إِخْوَان (ʔiḵwān), feminine أُخْت (ʔuḵt))

  1. brother

Usage notes
  • أخ is used literally as well as figuratively. Moreover, أخ includes both full brothers and half brothers. The synonym شَقِيق (šaqīq) refers to full brothers exclusively.

Declension
Declension of noun أَخ (ʔaḵ)
Singular singular long construct
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَخ
ʔaḵ		 الْأَخ
al-ʔaḵ		 أَخُو
ʔaḵū
Nominative أَخٌ
ʔaḵun		 الْأَخُ
al-ʔaḵu		 أَخُو
ʔaḵū
Accusative أَخًا
ʔaḵan		 الْأَخَ
al-ʔaḵa		 أَخَا
ʔaḵā
Genitive أَخٍ
ʔaḵin		 الْأَخِ
al-ʔaḵi		 أَخِي
ʔaḵī
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَخَوَيْن
ʔaḵawayn		 الْأَخَوَيْن
al-ʔaḵawayn		 أَخَوَيْ
ʔaḵaway
Nominative أَخَوَانِ
ʔaḵawāni		 الْأَخَوَانِ
al-ʔaḵawāni		 أَخَوَا
ʔaḵawā
Accusative أَخَوَيْنِ
ʔaḵawayni		 الْأَخَوَيْنِ
al-ʔaḵawayni		 أَخَوَيْ
ʔaḵaway
Genitive أَخَوَيْنِ
ʔaḵawayni		 الْأَخَوَيْنِ
al-ʔaḵawayni		 أَخَوَيْ
ʔaḵaway
Plural broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal إِخْوَة‎; إِخْوَان
ʔiḵwa‎; ʔiḵwān		 الْإِخْوَة‎; الْإِخْوَان
al-ʔiḵwa‎; al-ʔiḵwān		 إِخْوَة‎; إِخْوَان
ʔiḵwat‎; ʔiḵwān
Nominative إِخْوَةٌ‎; إِخْوَانٌ
ʔiḵwatun‎; ʔiḵwānun		 الْإِخْوَةُ‎; الْإِخْوَانُ
al-ʔiḵwatu‎; al-ʔiḵwānu		 إِخْوَةُ‎; إِخْوَانُ
ʔiḵwatu‎; ʔiḵwānu
Accusative إِخْوَةً‎; إِخْوَانًا
ʔiḵwatan‎; ʔiḵwānan		 الْإِخْوَةَ‎; الْإِخْوَانَ
al-ʔiḵwata‎; al-ʔiḵwāna		 إِخْوَةَ‎; إِخْوَانَ
ʔiḵwata‎; ʔiḵwāna
Genitive إِخْوَةٍ‎; إِخْوَانٍ
ʔiḵwatin‎; ʔiḵwānin		 الْإِخْوَةِ‎; الْإِخْوَانِ
al-ʔiḵwati‎; al-ʔiḵwāni		 إِخْوَةِ‎; إِخْوَانِ
ʔiḵwati‎; ʔiḵwāni

Synonyms
  • مُكْرَهٌ أَخَاكَ لَا بَطَلٌ (mukrahun ʔaḵāka lā baṭalun, proverb)[sic]
  • إِخَاء (ʔiḵāʔ, verbal noun of آخَى (ʔāḵā))
  • إِخَاوَة (ʔiḵāwa)
  • أُخْت (ʔuḵt)
  • أَخَوِيّ (ʔaḵawiyy, “brotherly”)
  • أُخُوَّة (ʔuḵuwwa, “brotherhood”)
  • تَآخٍ (taʔāḵin)

Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: أخو (uḵu)
  • Maltese: ħu
  • Moroccan Arabic: أخ (ʔaḵḵ), (construct state) خو (ḵū), (construct state) خا (ḵā)
  • → English: ock, akh, akhi
  • → Malayalam: ഇക്ക (ikka)
  • → Portuguese: Lafões

See also

References
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “ءخو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic أَخ (ʔaḵ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʔaxː/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

أخ • (ʔaḵḵ) m (construct state خو (ḵū) or خا (ḵā), plural خوت (ḵūt) or خاوة (ḵāwa), feminine أخت (ʔuḵt))

  1. brother, male sibling
    Synonym: خوادري (ḵwādri)
    خوك ― ḵūk ― your brother
    ولد خاها ― wuld ḵāha ― her fraternal nephew

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic أَخ (ʔaḵ).

Noun

أخ • (ʔaḵḵ) m (construct state أخو (ʔaḵu), plural إخوة (ʔiḵwe) or إخوات (ʔiḵwāt) or إخوان (ʔiḵwān), feminine إخت (ʔiḵt))

  1. brother
    Synonym: (Lebanon) خي (ḵayy)

Usage notes
  • The plural إخوة (ʔiḵwe) is used for actual brothers, إخوات (ʔiḵwāt) can refer to siblings gender-neutrally, while إخوان (ʔiḵwān) is used for brothers in a wider sense (friends, fellow believers etc.).
  • When a suffix pronoun is added, either أخ (ʔaḵ-) or the construct form is used, e.g. أخي / أخوي (ʔaḵi / ʔaḵūy, “my brother”).

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic أَخ (ʔaḵ).

Noun

أخّ • (ʔaḵḵ) m (construct state أخو (ʔaḵu), plural إخوة (ʔiḵwe) or إخوان (ʔiḵwān), feminine أخت (ʔuḵt))

  1. Alternative form of أخو (ʔaḵu, “brother”)
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