כוס
Hebrew
Noun
כּוֹס • (kos) f (plural indefinite כּוֹסוֹת, singular construct כּוֹס־, plural construct כּוֹסוֹת־)
Usage notes
- Like other words that start with ב, ג, ד, כ, פ, or ת, this term's initial letter takes a dagesh lene. In older texts, that dagesh is usually dropped when the word is preceded, in the same phrase, by a word ending in a mater lectionis; in modern texts, the dagesh is usually preserved even in such a case. Likewise, in older texts, the dagesh is always dropped when the word is prefixed by an indefinite ב־, כ־, or ל־, or by ו־; in modern speech, the dagesh is often preserved in such a case. (After the definite ב־, כ־, and ל־, and after the prefixes ה־, מ־, and ש־, there is a dagesh forte, as described in the usage notes for those prefixes.)
- This noun is feminine in the Bible, but is masculine in the Mishnah and in later writings, even to modern times. When Hebrew was revived as a spoken language, though, the word reverted to feminine, as in the Bible.
Declension
Declension of כּוֹס
| Number | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Form | Person | singular | plural | |||
| m. | f. | m. | f. | ||||
| singular | indefinite | כּוֹס | first | כּוֹסִי | כּוֹסֵנוּ | ||
| definite | הַכּוֹס | second | כּוֹסְךָ | כּוֹסֵךְ | כּוֹסְכֶם | כּוֹסְכֶן | |
| construct | כּוֹס־ | third | כּוֹסוֹ | כּוֹסָהּ | כּוֹסָם | כּוֹסָן | |
| plural | indefinite | כּוֹסוֹת | first | כוסותיי / כּוֹסוֹתַי | כּוֹסוֹתֵינוּ | ||
| definite | הַכּוֹסוֹת | second | כּוֹסוֹתֶיךָ | כוסותייך / כּוֹסוֹתַיִךְ | כּוֹסוֹתֵיכֶם | כּוֹסוֹתֵיכֶן | |
| construct | כּוֹסוֹת־ | third | כּוֹסוֹתָיו | כּוֹסוֹתֶיהָ | כּוֹסוֹתָם | כּוֹסוֹתָן | |
Derived terms
- בשלושה דברים אדם ניכר: בכוסו, בכיסו, ובכעסו (bishloshá d'varím adám nikár: b'khosó, b'khisó, uv'kha`asó)
- כּוֹסִית (kosít)
Etymology 2
| Root |
|---|
| כ־ו־ס (k-w-s) |
From Proto-Semitic *kôs (“owl”), which has been cited as a possible source for the name of the Greek island Κῶς (Kôs).[1]
Derived terms
- כּוּסִית (kúsit)
References
- Bernal, M. (2020). Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilation Volume III: The Linguistic Evidence. United States: Rutgers University Press.
- H3563 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- “כוס” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
Further reading
כוס on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia he
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