Thyroid hormones

Thyroid hormones are produced by thyroid glands. T3 and T4 are thyroid hormones that are made up of iodine and tyrosine.[1] Less intake of iodine results in less production of T3 and T4 which may lead to a medical condition called hypothyroidism. Greater production of thyroid hormones leads to hyperthyroidism.[2]

The thyroid and its hormones regulate themselves in a self-limiting process called a negative feedback loop.

Synthesis of the thyroid hormones, as seen on an individual thyroid follicular cell[3]

Function

Thyroid hormones control the metabolism of the body. They act to increase the production of proteins, basal metabolic rate and growth hormone.

References
  1. "1926 Edward C Kendall". American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
  2. Irizarry, Lisandro (23 April 2014). "Thyroid Hormone Toxicity". Medscape. WedMD LLC. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
  3. Chapter 49, "Synthesis of Thyroid Hormones" in: Walter F. Boron; Emile L. Boulpaep (2012). Medical Physiology (2nd ed.). Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 9781437717532.
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