This is a list of the most common surnames in Europe, sorted by country.

Albania

At the moment, listings for the most common names are unavailable for Albania. However the most common names include the following:

  • Common names denoting profession. Of these, religious professional names have been particularly widespread, including Hoxha (a Muslim priest, Sunni or Bektashi, with its variant Hoxhaj), Prifti (a Christian priest, Catholic or Orthodox), Shehu (a Bektashi priest) and Dervishi (Bektashi clergy). Bektashi itself is also a common surname. Ironically, Hoxha was the surname of Enver Hoxha, the leader of Communist Albania who banned all religions. There are numerous other professional names which are not as common. Begu also denotes a former ruler and also the surname(s) Gjoni or Gjonaj.
  • Common names which originated as patrinomials. Common names of this sort include Leka or Lekaj (Alex), Gjoni or Gjonaj (John), Murati (Murad), Mehmeti (Mehmed), Hysi (typically short for Hussein), Gjika/Gjoka (short for Jacob, cf Jake), Marku (Mark), Kola/Kolla/Nikolla (Nicholas), Hasani (Hassan), Kristi/Kristo, Luka (Lucas), Brahimi (Abraham, from Turkish), Sinani, Thanasi (Athanasius), Halili (Halil), and Abazi (Abbas). Albanians of Muslim background often bear Christian last names (denoting former Christian origin), and those with Christian often bear Muslim last names (which many in Northern regions adopted thinking it would lead to better treatment from the Ottoman authorities), although the holders of Bektashi surnames are usually actually of Bektashi background
  • Common names which originated as place names. May denote former residence, or, if the bearer has a Muslim patrilineal background, that their ancestors ruled the place. Common places used as surnames include Dibra, Laci, Shkodra, Prishtina, Delvina, Koroveshi and Permeti, as well as the famous Frasheri surname of the Frasheri family. Additionally common some names indicate regional origins: Gega/Gegaj (for one of Gheg origin), Tosku/Toskaj (signifying Tosk origin) and Chami (for Cham origin).
  • Some common names are Northern Albanian clan names that double as place names such as Kelmendi and Shkreli. Other notable clan-origin names include Berisha, Krasniqi and Gashi. These sorts of names are very common in far Northern Albania and in Kosovo.
  • Colors: of which Kuqi (red) and Bardhi (white) are the most commonly used as surnames.
RankSurnameNote (equivalent or else meaning)
*Hoxhaa Muslim priest, Sunni or Bektashi, with its variant Hoxhaj
*Priftia Christian priest, Catholic or Orthodox
*Shehua Bektashi priest
*DervishiBektashi clergy
*Bektashifollower of Bektashism
*Begu
*Gjoni or GjonajJohn
*Leka or LekajAlex
*Gjoni or GjonajJohn
*MuratiMurad
*MehmetiMehmed
*Hysishort for Hussein
*Gjika/Gjokashort for Jacob, cf Jake
*MarkuMark
*Kola/Kolla/NikollaNicholas
*HasaniHassan
*Kristi/KristoChristian
*LukaLucas
*BrahimiAbraham, from Turkish
*Sinani
*ThanasiAthanasius
*HaliliHalil
*AbaziAbbas
*Dibrafrom Dibër
*Laçifrom Laç
*Shkodrafrom Shkodër
*Prishtinafrom Pristina
*Delvinafrom Delvinë
*Koroveshi
*Përmetifrom Përmet
*Frashërifrom Frashër
*Gega/Gegajof Gheg origin or son of Gegë
*Toska/Toskajsignifying Tosk origin
*ÇamiCham origin
*Kelmendi
*Shkreli
*Berisha
*Krasniqifrom the namesake settlement (of Serbian origin)
*Gashi
*Kuqired
*Bardhiwhite

Armenia

Source: Armenia's Voter List[1]
Rank Name Armenian Root name
1GrigoryanԳրիգորյանGrigor (Gregory)
2HarutyunyanՀարությունյանHarutyun ("resurrection")
3SargsyanՍարգսյանSargis (Sergius)
4HovhannisyanՀովհաննիսյանHovhannes (John)
5KhachatryanԽաչատրյանKhachatur ("given by cross")
6HakobyanՀակոբյանHakob (Jacob)
7PetrosyanՊետրոսյանPetros (Peter)
8VardanyanՎարդանյանVardan
9GevorgyanԳեւորգյանGevorg (George)
10KarapetyanԿարապետյանKarapet ("forerunner")
11MkrtchyanՄկրտչյանMkrtich ("baptist")
12GhazaryanՂազարյանGhazar (Lazarus)
13ManukyanՄանուկյանManuk ("child")
14AvetisyanԱվետիսյանAvetis/Avetik ("good news")
15PoghosyanՊողոսյանPoghos (Paul)
16MartirosyanՄարտիրոսյանMartiros ("martyr")
17SahakyanՍահակյանSahak (Isaac)
18ArakelyanԱռաքելյանArakel ("apostle")
19MargaryanՄարգարյանMargar
20DavtyanԴավթյանDavit (David)

Austria

The forty-one most common surnames in Austria as published in 2006 are shown below beside the approximate percentage of the Austrian population sharing each surname.[2]

RankSurnameMeaningApproximate percentage
1Gruberone who lives in the valley0.3991
2Huberland-owning farmer0.3873
3Bauerfarmer0.3373
4WagnerWainwright0.3100
5MüllerMiller0.3012
6Pichlerone who lives on or by a hill0.2753
7Steinerone who dwells by the stone0.2713
8Moserone who lives on moorland0.2674
9Mayera variant of Meier0.2653
10Hoferprobably for steward, property or horse maintenance, even blacksmith or related0.2479
11Leitnerone who lives at a hillside0.2429
12Bergerone who lives in the mountains0.2383
13FuchsFox0.2250
14Ederone who lives in a barren land0.2144
15FischerFisher0.2141
16Schmidblacksmith0.2115
17Winklera small trader0.2015
18Weberweaver0.1995
19Schwarzblack0.1961
20Maiera variant of Meier0.1946
21Schneidertailor0.1915
22Reiterhorse rider or 'from the forest clearing' (-reuth)0.1790
23Mayra variant of Meier0.1751
24SchmidtSmith0.1740
25WimmerVintner0.1628
26EggerPloughman0.1610
27Brunnerone dwells by a water well0.1602
28Langlong0.1599
29BaumgartnerForrester (lit. 'tree gardener')0.1586
30Auer'from the meadow'0.1555
31BinderCooper0.1458
32Lechnervariant of Lehner0.1435
33WolfWolf0.1395
34Wallnerpos. 'forest dweller' Waldenare or a variant of Waldemar0.1394
35Aignerallodial title0.1386
36Ebner'from the plateau or flatland'0.1342
37Koller'charcoal maker', variant of Kohler0.1301
38Lehnera feudal land holder, see also Lehnsmann0.1268
39HaasHare0.1261
40SchusterCobbler0.1168
41HeiligHoly0.1161

Azerbaijan

Rank[3] Surname Romanization Meaning
1 Məmmədov Mammadov son of Mammad
2 Əliyev Aliyev son of Ali
3 Hüseynov Huseynov son of Hüseyn
4 Həsənov Hasanov son of Hasan
5 Quliyev Guliyev son of Qulu
6 İsmayılov Ismayilov son of Ismayil
7 Əhmədov Ahmadov son of Ahmad
8 Abdullayev Abdullayev son of Abdulla
9 Abbasov Abbasov son of Abbas
10 Cəfərov Jafarov son of Jafar

Belarus

Statistics available for the Belarusian capital of Minsk only:[4]

RankSurname in RussianSurname in BelarusianRomanizationPopulation
1ИвановІваноўIvanoŭ7,000
2КозловКазлоўKazloŭ4,700
3КовалёвКавалёўKavalioŭ4,300
4КозловскийКазлоўскіKazloŭski3,900
5НовикНовікNovik3,300

Belgium

Belgium is a European nation composed of three main regions: Flemish Region (Flanders), Walloon Region (Wallonia), and Brussels-Capital Region. Flanders has a Dutch-language tradition, while Wallonia has a French-language tradition. The Brussels-Capital Region is a mix of both Dutch- and French-language influences, with a large influx of foreign names. These different linguistic backgrounds are reflected in differing frequencies of surnames, as shown in the table below. On 31 December 1997 there were 316 295 different surnames in Belgium (total population: 11,521,238).

  • Note — the following table contains the ten most common surnames in each of the three federal regions as of 1 January 2021.[5][6]
Rank Surname Population Language Meaning
National Brussels Flanders Wallonia
18163Peeters31,079Dutch(son) of Peter [earlier form: Peeter]
26252Janssens28,532Dutch(son) of John
320366Maes24,594Dutch(son) of Thomas [earlier form: Thomaes]
413488Jacobs19,077Dutch(son) of Jacob / James
517666Mertens17,906Dutch(son) of Maarten [earlier form: Merten]
639565Willems17,747Dutch(son) of Willem
7797102Claes15,798Dutch(son) of Nicolaas [earlier form: Niclaes]
8339124Goossens15,269Dutch(son) of Goos
9688181Wouters14,999Dutch(son) of Walter
105710259De Smet13,484Dutchthe smith
1372371Dubois12,387Frenchof the forest
17212622Lambert11232FrenchLambert of Maastricht, patron of the city of Liège
21221624Dupont9,795Frenchof the bridge
3195463Martin8,677FrenchMartin of Tours, patron saint of France
361295109Diallo8,159Fulaunclear (one of four common Fula surnames)
371511345Simon7,533French
40257977Dumont7,389Frenchof the mountain
453012836Leclercq7,117Frenchthe clerk
472911198Laurent6,785FrenchSaint Lawrence patron saint of Rotterdam
503594410Denis6,636FrenchDenis of Paris, patron saint of Paris
598716389Lejeune6,246Frenchthe young one
1192564381Bah4,516Fulaunclear (one of four common Fula surnames)
23431010370Barry3,332Fulaunclear (one of four common Fula surnames)
31851114268Nguyen2,736VietnameseSino-Vietnamese ('ruan')
45141751999Sow2,132Fulaunclear (one of four common Fula surnames)
9561024822970Benali1,267Arabicson of Ali

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosniaks

RankSurnameMeaning
1HodžićImam
2HadžićHajji
3ČengićTurkish for Genghis
4Delićson of a delija (brave)
5Demirovićson of Demir
6Kovačevićson of the blacksmith
7Tahirovićson of Tahir
8Ferhatovićson of Ferhat
9Muratovićson of Murat
10Ibrahimovićson of Ibrahim
11Hasanovićson of Hasan
12Mehmedovićson of Mehmed
13Salihovićson of Salih
14Terzićtailor
15Ademovićson of Adem
16Adilovićson of Adil
17Delemovićson of Delem
18Zukić
19Krličević
20Suljićson of Suliman (Salomon)
21Ahmetovićson of Ahmad

Serbs

The following names are the most common names for Serbs from Bosnia and Herzegovina.[7]

RankSurnameMeaning
1Kovačevićson of the blacksmith
2Subotićof Saturday
3Savićson of Sava
4Popovićson of the priest
5Jovanovićson of Jovan
6Petrovićson of Petar
7Đurićson of Đura
8Babićof grandmother, old woman
9Lukićson of Luka
10Kneževićson of the prince
11Markovićson of Marko
12Ilićson of Ilija
13Đukićson of Đuka
14Vukovićson of Vuk/ of wolf
15Vujićson of Vujo
16Simićson of Simo
17Radićson of Rade
18Nikolićson of Nikola
19Marićson of Mara
20Mitrovićson of Mitar
21Tomićson of Toma/Tomo
22Božićson of Božo
23Golubovićof dove/pigeon
24Mirkovićson of Mirko

Bulgaria

Feminized names included (m. Dimitrov – f. Dimitrova). Figures are from 2018 and provided by the Bulgarian National Statistics Institute.[8]

Statistic of the Bulgarian surnames
RankSurnameTransliterationNumber of malesNumber of females
1Иванов/ИвановаIvanov/Ivanova136,125141,183
2Георгиев/ГеоргиеваGeorgiev/Georgieva105,209108,302
3Димитров/ДимитроваDimitrov/Dimitrova101,020104,754
4Петров/ПетроваPetrov/Petrova67,80471,082
5Николов/НиколоваNikolov/Nikolova58,18961,339
6Христов/ХристоваHristov/Hristova53,81857,034
7Стоянов/СтояноваStoyanov/Stoyanova53,08856,387
8Тодоров/ТодороваTodorov/Todorova52,13954,275
9Илиев/ИлиеваIliev/Ilieva44,73246,343
10Ангелов/АнгеловаAngelov/Angelova43,98545,629

Croatia

Rank[9][10][11] Frequency Surname Surname derivation[12]
121,618Horvatethnic name for a Croat
215,160Kovačevićpatronymic, from kovač 'blacksmith'
312,840Babićmatronymic, or nickname, from baba '(old) woman', 'grandmother'
411,555Marić1. matronymic, from Mara – short variant of Marija 'Mary'; 2. patronymic, from Maro – short variant of Marije 'Marius' or Marijan 'Marianus'
511,163Jurićpatronymic, from Jure or Juro – regional variants of Juraj 'George'
610,794Novak1. a newcomer, from novy 'new'; 2. topographic name, for peasant who settled on newly cleared land
710,546Kovačićpatronymic, from kovač 'blacksmith'
810,334Kneževićfrom knez 'prince' or 'duke'
910,191Vukovićpatronymic, from Vuk – ancient Slavic name meaning 'wolf'
109,854Markovićpatronymic, from Marko 'Marcus'
119,614Petrovićpatronymic, from Petar and Peter
129,960Matićpatronymic, from Matija 'Matthias' or Matej 'Matthew'; or possibly from their short variants Mate or Mato
139,464Tomićpatronymic, from Tomo or Toma 'Thomas'
148,601Pavlovićpatronymic, from Pavao, Pavle, and Pavel 'Paul'
158,542Kovačoccupational name, from kovač 'blacksmith'
168,258Božićpatronymic, from Božo (from bozhy meaning 'of God')
178,152Blaževićpatronymic, from Blaž lat. Blasius 'Blaise'
188,010Grgićpatronymic, from Grga or Grgo – short variants of Grgur 'Gregory'
197,538Pavićpatronymic, from Pavo – short or regional variant of Pavao 'Paul'
207,406Radićpatronymic, from Rade (Slavic name meaning 'happy')
217,351Perićpatronymic, from Pero (Peter)
227,321Filipovićpatronymic, from Filip
237,184Šarić
247,131Lovrićpatronymic, from Lovro (Lawrence)
256,986Vidovićpatronymic, from Vid (Vitus)
266,903Perkovićpatronymic, from Perko (Peter)
276,797Popovićpatronymic, from Pop (priest)
286,760Bošnjakregional name, person from Bosnia
296,653Jukićpatronymic, from Juko or Juka – regional variants of Juraj 'George'
306,417Barišićpatronymic, from Bariša – short or regional variant of Bartol, Bartul, Bartolomej 'Bartholomew'

Czechia

Feminized names are included (m. Novák/f. Nováková). Figures are from 2009 and provided by the Czech Ministry of the Interior.

Statistic of the Czech Republic surnames[13][14][15]
RankSurnameMeaningNumber of menNumber of women
1Novák/Novákovánew man/woman34,16835,558
2Svoboda/Svobodováfreeholder25,29226,569
3Novotný/Novotnánewman24,32025,328
4Dvořák/Dvořákovágrange owner22,29923,445
5Černý/Černádark or black17,81318,504
6Procházka/Procházkováwalker16,07416,817
7Kučera/Kučerovácurly man/woman15,18715,689
8Veselý/Veselácheerful, merry man/woman12,88213,494
9Horák/Horákováhighlander12,16512,796
10Němec/NěmcováGerman11,19211,563

Denmark

Nineteen of the twenty most common Danish surnames as of 1 January 2022 are patronymic ending in Norse -sen ('son of'), the only exception being Møller (Miller).[16]

RankSurnameMeaning
(*variant/s also listed)
#
1Nielsenson of Niels236,397
2Jensenson of Jens233,713
3Hansenson of Hans197,548
4Pedersenson of Peder*150,161
5Andersenson of Anders149,643
6Christensenson of Christen*111,816
7Larsenson of Lars107,721
8Sørensenson of Søren102,848
9Rasmussenson of Rasmus88,351
10Jørgensenson of Jørgen82,285
11Petersenson of Peter*72,757
12Madsenson of Mads60,676
13Kristensenson of Kristen*57,758
14Olsenson of Ole44,629
15Thomsenson of Thomas38,244
16Christiansenson of Christian*35,143
17Poulsenson of Poul30,545
18Johansenson of Johan/Johannes*29,866
19MøllerMiller29,481
20Mortensenson of Morten28,124

Faroe Islands

The 20 most common surnames in the Faroe Islands as published in 2017 are shown below beside the number of people of the Faroese population sharing each surname.[17]

RankSurnameNumber of individuals
1Joensen2,372
2Hansen2,181
3Jacobsen2,051
4Olsen1,670
5Petersen1,298
6Poulsen1,257
7Johannesen973
8Thomsen719
9Nielsen647
10Rasmussen539
11Djurhuus537
12Johansen535
13Simonsen526
14Danielsen524
15Jensen492
16Mortensen471
17Højgaard462
18Mikkelsen432
19Sørensen420
20Dam418

Estonia

Data from 2008.[18]

Names of Estonian origin:

Rank#SurnameMeaning
15,241Tammoak
24,352Saarisland/ash (tree)
33,624Seppsmith
43,613Mägihill, mountain
52,847Kaskbirch
62,728Kukkrooster
72,265Rebanefox
82,165Ilveslynx
91,933Pärnlinden tree
101,882Koppelpaddock

Names of Russian origin:

Rank#Surname
16,789Ivanov
23,402Smirnov
33,153Vassiljev
42,932Petrov
52,339Kuznetsov
62,265Karpin
71,968Mihhailov
81,927Pavlov
91,909Semjonov
101,862Andrejev
111,845Aleksejev

Finland

RankSurnameMeaningPopulationPercentage[19]
1KorhonenUncertain meaning; see article23,3120.425
2Virtanenvirta 'stream'23,0200.420
3Mäkinenmäki 'hill'21,0140.383
4Nieminenniemi 'cape'20,9690.382
5Mäkelähill place19,5380.356
6HämäläinenTavastian, comes from Tavastia19,1290.349
7Lainewave18,7520.342
8Heikkinenfirst name Heikki, "Henry", "Henrik"17,9260.327
9Koskinenkoski 'rapids'17,7370.324
10Järvinenjärvi 'lake'16,8020.306
11Lehtonenlehto 'grove'16,6490.304
12Lehtinenlehti 'leaf'15,6020.285
13Saarinensaari 'island'15,2950.279
14Salminensalmi 'strait'15,0870.275
15Heinonenheinä 'hay'14,9570.273
16Niemicape14,9510.273
17Heikkiläfirst name Heikki, "Henry", "Henrik"14,5580.266
18Kinnunenfrom the Swedish skinnare 'skinner'14,3190.261
19Salonensalo 'backwoods'14,2700.260
20Turunenturku 'market, selling place', nowadays only the name of a city (Turku)13,8020.252
21Salobackwoods13,4870.246
22Laitinenlaita 'side, margin'13,0850.239
23Tuominentuomi 'bird cherry'12,8520.234
24Rantanenranta 'shore, beach'12,8340.234
25KarjalainenKarelian, comes from Karelia12,8300.234
26Jokinenjoki 'river'12,5140.228
27Mattilafirst name Matti, "Matt", "Mathew", -la, place suffix12,3300.225
28SavolainenSavonian, comes from Savonia11,5920.211
29Lahtinenlahti 'bay'11,4700.209
30Ahonenaho 'meadow'11,2380.205

Most of the names on this list are typical examples of surnames that were adopted when modern surnames were introduced in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In the romantic spirit, they refer to natural features: virta 'river', koski 'rapids', mäki 'hill', järvi 'lake', saari 'island' — often with the suffix -nen added after the model of older, mainly eastern Finnish surnames such as Korhonen and Heikkinen. Hämäläinen literally means 'an inhabitant of Häme'. The suffix -nen is an adjective ending.

Most common Swedish surnames in Finland

RankSurnamePopulationPercentage[19]
1Johansson8,6790.158
2Nyman7,5520.138
3Lindholm7,3820.135
4Karlsson7,0960.129
5Andersson6,4030.117

France

Rank[20] # Surname Meaning
1235,846Martinson of Martin
2105,132Bernardson of Bernard
395,998Duboiswoods dweller
495,387Thomasson of Thomas
591,393Robertson of Robert
690,689Richardson of Richard
788,318Petitshort
884,252Durandstrong, resilient
978,868Leroyking-like mannered
1078,177Moreaubrown; like the Moors
1176,655Simonson of Simon
1275,307Laurentson of Laurent
1374,564Lefebvreblacksmith
1474,318Michelson of Michel
1568,720Garciason of García
1661,762Davidson of David
1759,817Bertrandson of Bertrand
1859,440Rouxredhead
1957,351Vincentson of Vincent
2057,047Fournieroven baker
2156,760Morelbrown; like the Moors
2255,642Girardson of Gérard
2355,228Andréson of André
2453,670Lefèvresmith
2553,622Merciertextile trader
2653,405Dupontbridge dweller
2751,543Lambertson of Lambert
2850,999Bonnetgood-mannered
2950,612Françoisson of François
3049,762Martinezson of Martín

Georgia

Rank Surname Romanization Total Number[21]
(2018)
1 ბერიძე Beridze 29,173
2 მამედოვი Mamedovi 28,358
3 ალიევი Alievi 19,327
4 კაპანაძე Kapanadze 19,257
5 გელაშვილი Gelashvili 18,310
6 მაისურაძე Maisuradze 16,198
7 გიორგაძე Giorgadze 14,162
8 ლომიძე Lomidze 13,062
9 წიკლაური Tsiklauri 13,019
10 ბოლქვაძე Bolkvadze 12,824

Germany

Rank[22]SurnameMeaningPercentage[23]
1Müllermiller0.95[24]
2Schmidtsmith0.69[25]
3Schneidertailor0.40
4Fischerfisher0.35
5Meyer'mayor' (originally estate administrator, later farmer)0.33[26]
6Weberweaver0.30
7Wagnerwainwright (worn-down form of wagoner)0.27
8SchulzSchultheiß (village headman or constable / sheriff)0.27
9Beckerbaker0.27
10Hoffmann'man of the court/farm' (courtier/steward, later farmer)0.26

Greece

The majority of Greek names are patronymic. There are also several names derived from professions (Samaras, Σαμαράς 'saddle maker', Papoutsis, Παπουτσής 'shoe maker'), area of (former) residence (Kritikos, Κρητικός 'from Crete', Aivaliotis, Αϊβαλιώτης 'from Ayvalık'), nicknames relating to physical or other characteristics (Kontos, Κοντός 'short', Mytaras, Μυταράς 'large-nosed', Koufos, Κουφός 'deaf') and more.

The patronymic suffix varies between dialects; thus Giannidis, Giannakos, Giannatos, Giannopoulos, Giannelis, Giannioglou all mean 'son of Giannis'.[27]

Rank Surname Transliteration Meaning
*ΣαμαράςSamarassaddle maker
*ΠαπουτσήςPapoutsisshoe maker
*ΚρητικόςKritikosfrom Crete
*ΑϊβαλιώτηςAivaliotisfrom Ayvalık
*ΚοντόςKontosshort
*ΜυταράςMytaraslarge-nosed
*ΚουφόςKoufosdeaf

Hungary

As of 2011, 2,095,788 individuals (21% of the population) bear the most common 20 names, and 3,347,493 individuals (33.5%) bearing the top 100 names.[28][29] 25 most common surnames in Hungary as of January 2019:[30][29]

Rank Population Surname Meaning
1227,671Nagybig/great
2210,213KovácsSmith (occupational name)
3205,582TóthSlovak (Slavic)
4203,126Szabótailor (occupational name)
5197,153HorváthCroat
6133,959Vargaleatherworker (occupational name)
7126,587Kicsilittle/small
8103,865MolnárMiller (occupational name)
988,150NémethGerman/Germanic/Austrian
1082,193Farkaswolf
1181,938Baloghleft-handed
1250,959Papppriest (occupational name)
1350,172Lakatoslocksmith (occupational name)
1449,761Takácsweaver (occupational name)
1549,197Juhászshepherd (occupational name)
1638,428Mészárosbutcher (occupational name)
1738,385OláhVlach/Romanian
1836,810SimonSimon
1935,116RáczSerb, South Slavic
2033,237Feketeblack(-haired)
2131,554Szilágyihailing from Szilágyság
2225,963TörökTurk
2325,685FehérWhite
2425,294BalázsBlaise
2524,672GálGallic (uncertain)

Iceland

While the vast majority of Icelanders do not use regular surnames but rather patronyms or matronyms, around 4% of Icelanders have proper surnames. See also Icelandic names.

The 20 most common surnames in the Iceland as published in 2017 are shown below beside the number of people of the Icelandic population sharing each surname.[31]

RankSurnameNumber of individuals
1Blöndal324
2Thorarensen293
3Hansen282
4Olsen224
5Andersen206
Petersen
7Möller198
8Nielsen180
9Waage171
10Bergmann158
11Briem156
12Thorlacius155
13Jensen146
14Hjaltalín137
15Scheving135
16Petersen126
17Kvaran123
Fjeldsted
19Norðdahl113
20Berndsen105

Ireland

The prevalence of some of these names is the result of more than one distinct Irish language names being represented by the same anglicised version.

#SurnameModern IrishOriginal IrishMeaning
1MurphyÓ MurchúÓ Murchadha
Mac Murchaidh
Descendant of Murchadh (a personal name meaning 'sea hound/warrior')
2(O')KellyÓ CeallaighDescendant of Ceallach ('strife')
3(O')SullivanÓ SúilleabháinDescendant of Súilleabhán ('dark-eyed one', 'one-eyed' or 'hawk-eyed')
4WalshBreathnachBreatnach'Breton', 'Welshman'
5SmithMac GabhannSon of a smith
6O'BrienÓ BriainDescendant of Brian
7(O')ByrneÓ BroinDescendant of Bran
8(O')RyanÓ RiainÓ Riain
Ó Maoilriain
Ó Ruaidhín
Descendant of Rian (possibly meaning 'king')
Descendant of Maoilriaghan ('bald king')
Descendant of Ruaidhín ('little red-haired one')
9O'ConnorÓ ConchúirÓ ConchobhairDescendant of Conchobhar ('hound/chief assistance')
10O'NeillÓ NéillDescendant of Niall (possibly meaning 'cloud', 'passionate' or 'champion')
11(O')ReillyÓ RaghallaighDescendant of Raghallach
12DoyleÓ DubhghaillDescendant of Dubhghall ('dark-haired foreigner')
13McCarthyMac CárthaighSon of Cárthach ('loving')
14(O')GallagherÓ GallchóirÓ GallchobhairDescendant of Gallchobhar ('foreign assistance')
15(O')DohertyÓ DochartaighDescendant of Dochartach ('hurtful')
16KennedyÓ CinnéideÓ CeannéidighDescendant of Cinnéide ('adorned head')[32]
17LynchÓ LoingsighDescendant of Loingseach ('longboat')
18MurrayÓ MuireadhaighMac Muireadhaigh
Mac Giolla Mhuire
Descendant of Muireadhach ('chieftain')
Descendant of a servant of Mary
19(O')QuinnÓ Cuinn/CoinneDescendant of Conn ('hound/chief')
20(O')MooreÓ MórdhaDescendant of Mórdha ('majestic')

Names starting with O' and Mac/Mc were originally patronymic. Of the names above, with the exception of Smith and Walsh, all originally began with O' or Mac/Mc but many have lost this prefix over time. Mac/Mc, meaning Son, and Ó, meaning Little (or Descendant), are used by sons born into the family. In the case of a daughter being born into the family she would use Ní/Nic, for example Ó Muireadhaigh becomes Ní Mhuireadhaigh. A woman who marries into the family and takes her husband's name uses Uí/Mic- e.g. Uí Mhuireadhaigh.[33][34]

Italy

From Mappa dei Cognomi website.[35]

Rank[36] Surname Frequency Meaning
1Rossi60.487red (Northern and Central Italy)
2Russo42.877red (Southern Italy)
3Ferrari33.707blacksmith
4Esposito31.980exposed (abandoned child; orphan)
5Bianchi25.121white
6Romano24.062Roman
7Colombo23.484dove (abandoned child)
8Bruno20.509brown
9Ricci19.879curly
10Greco18.225Greek
11Marino17.939marine, seaman
12Gallo17.622French
13De Luca17.438son of Luke
14Conti17.173Count
15Costa16.875coast
16Mancini16.784left-handed
17Giordano16.636Jordan
18Rizzo16.394curly
19Lombardi15.220Lombard
20Barbieri14.304barber
21Moretti14.255brown (diminutive form)
22Fontana14.214fountain
23Caruso13.756boy, apprentice
24Mariani13.652Marian
25Ferrara13.236blacksmith
26Santoro13.141Sanctorum omnium (all saints' day)
27Rinaldi12.861Reynold
28Leone12.661lion
29D'Angelo12.620son of Angelo
30Longo12.273long
31Galli12.240French
32Martini12.090Martin
33Martinelli11.819Martin (diminutive)
34Serra11.484saw (carpenter)
35Conte11.347Count
36Vitale11.266Vitale (given name)
37De Santis11.208of the saints
38Marchetti11.115little Marco
39Messina11.113
40Gentile11.019gentle
41Villa11.011dwelling
42Marini10.875seafarer
43Lombardo10.803Lombard
44Coppola10.783beret
45Ferri10.679iron's
46Parisi10.675from Paros
47De Angelis10.509of the angels
48Bianco10.467white
49Amato10.449beloved
50Fabbri10.330blacksmith
51Gatti10.303cats
52Sala10.283Sala
53Morelli10.181
54Grasso10.076fat
55Pellegrini10.027pilgrims
56Ferraro10.020blacksmith
57Monti10.007mountains
58Palumbo9.775pigeon
59Grassi9.749fat
60Testa9.728head
61Valentini9.435valiant, bold
62Carbone9.293coal
63Benedetti9.258blessed/son of Benedict
64Silvestri9.250son of Sylvester
65Farina9.168flour (occupational surname)
66D'Amico9.125son of Amico
67Martino8.877Martin
68Bernardi8.849Barnard
69Caputo8.826big headed
70Mazza8.756toolmaker, smith
71Sanna8.740Fang (Sardinian)[37]
72Fiore8.734flower
73De Rosa8.727from the rose
74Pellegrino8.678pilgrim
75Giuliani8.647son of Julian
76Rizzi8.594curly
77Di Stefano8.521son of Steven
78Cattaneo8.479captain
79Rossetti8.454red one
80Orlando8.423Roland
81Basile8.368Basil
82Neri8.358black
83Barone8.344Baron
84Palmieri8.297Palmer
85Riva8.203shore
86Romeo8.074Roman
87Franco8.047Frank
88Sorrentino8.017from Sorrento
89Pagano8.007pagan
90D'Agostino7.904Son of Augustin
91Piras7.889pear tree (Sardinia)
92Ruggiero7.812Rodger
93Montanari7.795highlander
94Battaglia7.713battle
95Bellini7.690little beautiful one
96Castelli7.671castles
97Guerra7.572war
98Poli7.538
99Valente7.493valiant, bold
100Ferretti7.489smith

Kazakhstan

Provided here is a list of the 33 most common surnames in Kazakhstan according to the Ministry of Justice of Kazakhstan as of 2014.[38]

Rank Cyrillic script Latin script Language (and meaning) Occurrence
1 Ахметов Ahmetov Kazakh, "son of Ahmet" 73,627
2 Омаров Omarov Kazakh, "son of Omar" 45,123
3 Ким Kim Korean 42,274
4 Оспанов Ospanov Kazakh 41,068
5 Иванов Ivanov Russian, "son of Ivan" 39,296
6 Алиев Aliev Kazakh, "son of Ali" 36,084
7 Сулейменов Suleimenov Kazakh, "son of Suleimen" 33,940
8 Искаков Iskakov Kazakh 31,988
9 Абдрахманов Abdrahmanov Kazakh, "son of Abdrahman" 29,091
10 Ибрагимов Ibragimov Kazakh, "son of Ibragim" 28,755
11 Калиев Kaliev Kazakh, "son of Kali" 28,219
12 Садыков Sadykov Kazakh, "son of Sadyk 27,810
13 Ибраев Ibraev Kazakh 26,531
14 Кузнецов Kuznetsov Russian, "son of a blacksmith" 25,990
15 Попов Popov Russian, "son of a priest" 24,956
16 Смагулов Smagulov Kazakh 24,005
17 Абдуллаев Abdullaev Kazakh, "son of Abdulla" 23,729
18 Исаев Isaev Kazakh, "son of Isa" 22,910
19 Султанов Sultanov Kazakh, "son of Sultan" 22,808
22 Юсупов Iusupov Uzbek, "son of Yusup" 22,763
21 Исмаилов Ismailov Kazakh, "son of Ismail" 21,392
22 Нургалиев Nurgaliev Kazakh, "son of Nurgali" 21,133
23 Каримов Karimov Kazakh, "son of Karim" 20,575
24 Серік/Серик Serik Kazakh 19 550
25 Ли Li Korean 17,049
26 Цой Tsoi Korean 12,088
27 Амангельды Amangeldy Kazakh 15,125
28 Болат Bolat Kazakh 11,234
29 Бондаренко Bondarenko Ukrainian 10,648
30 Марат Marat Kazakh, "Murad" 10,417
31 Серікбай/Серикбай Serıkbay/Serikbay Kazakh 10,193
32 Мурат Murat Kazakh, "Murad" 10,106
33 Кусаинов Kusainov Kazakh, "son of Kusain" 10,103

Kosovo

These statistics are based on the Kosovo Agency of Statistics report on names and surnames in Kosovo, which took place in 2017.[39]

RankSurnameNumber of individuals
1Krasniqi58,199
2Gashi57,396
3Berisha43,727
4Morina27,222
5Shala25,585
6Bytyqi18,840
7Hasani13,187
8Kastrati13,015
9Kryeziu12,882
10Hoti12,709
11Fatime8,626
12Bajram6,324
13Emine5,622
14Bekim5,470
15Afërdita5,226
16Valon5,207
17Egzon5,180
18Arben5,114
19Ramadan5,110
20Muhamet5,047

Latvia

Latvian surnames
Rank[40][41] Surname Meaning
1Bērziņšbirch (diminutive)
2Kalniņšhill (diminutive)
3Ozoliņšoak (diminutive)
4Jansonsson of Jānis (Germanized)
5Ozolsoak
6Liepiņšlinden (diminutive)
7Krūmiņšbush (diminutive)
8Balodispigeon
9Eglītisfir (diminutive)
10Zariņšbranch (diminutive)
11Pētersonsson of Pēteris (Germanized)
12Vītolswillow
13Kļaviņšmaple (diminutive)
14Kārkliņšwillow (diminutive form of Kārkls)
15Vanagshawk

Lithuania

Lithuania, 2015[42]
RankMaleFemale[note 1]Meaning
1KazlauskasKazlauskienėequivalent of Polish Kozłowski from kozioł 'billy goat', certainly from before Christianity.
2JankauskasJankauskienėfrom Jankowski from Janek from Jan in Polish, the apostle John.
3PetrauskasPetrauskienėof Peter or Piotr in Polish
4StankevičiusStankevičienėfrom Polish Stanisławski from Stanisław 'state of glory'
5VasiliauskasVasiliauskienėof Vasil from Greek Basileus 'royal, kingly' reference to Christ, the king of heaven.
6ButkusButkienėfrom Polish Budzisław 'awakening glory'
7ŽukauskasŽukauskienėfrom Polish Żukowski from żuk 'beetle', also taken from before Christianity.
8PaulauskasPaulauskienėof the apostle Paul
9UrbonasUrbonienėfrom Latin urbanus 'from the city' meaning 'connected to Rome and Christianity'.
10KavaliauskasKavaliauskienėfrom Polish Kowalski from Kowal 'blacksmith'

Luxembourg

Out of 236,000 entries in the EDITUS phone book:

Rank[43] # Surname Meaning
11929Schmitsmith
21473Mullermiller
31380Weberweaver
41335Hoffmannfarmer
51300Wagnerwain maker
61027Thill
7939Schmitzsmith's
8793Schroeder
9712Reuter
10706Kleinlittle
11674Beckerbaker
12660Kiefferpine wood
13650Kremerchapman
14610FaberLatin faber 'smith'
15556Meyer
16550Schneidertailor
17543Weisswhite
18538Schiltzshield's
19537SimonSimon
20533WelterWalter
21504Hansenlittle John
22496Majerus
23467RiesReeds
24459Meyers
25451Kayseremperor
26441SteffenSteven
27438Krier
28421Braunbrown
29411Wagenerwain maker
30405Diederichfrom first name D.

Malta

Rank[44] % # Surname
13.313,610Borg
23.113,090Camilleri
32.912,192Vella
42.911,953Farrugia
52.39,769Zammit
62.18,767Galea
72.18,677Micallef
82.08,178Grech
91.87,680Attard
101.87,316Spiteri

Moldova

RankSurnameMeaningTotal number of families[45]
1Rusufrom Rus23,028
2Cebanshepherd20,929
3Ciobanushepherd17,167
4Țurcan(archaic) farmer16,984
5Cebotarishoemaker15,464
6SîrbuSerb14,171
7Lungulong, tall14,090
8Munteanufrom the mountain13,904
9Rotarifrom roată 'wheel'13,511
10Popapriest12,923
11Ursubear11,456
12Guțudove11,433
13Roșcared-haired, ginger11,194
14Melnicmiller10,632
15Cojocaricoat crafter10,526

Montenegro

RankSurnameMeaning[46]
1Popovićson of a priest
2Markovićson of Marko
3Vujovićson of Vujo
4Radovićson of Rado
5Ivanovićson of Ivan
6Radulovićson of Radul or Radule
7Jovanovićson of Jovan
8Perovićson of Pero
9VukovićSon of Vuk (Vuk means wolf)
10KovačevićSon of a blacksmith

Netherlands

The most recent complete count of surnames in the Netherlands is based on the September 2007 county registrations.

Rank Surname Number in
2007
Percent Number in
1947
English equivalent (or meaning)
1 De Jong 86,534 0.53% 55,256 the young
2 Jansen 75,699 0.46% 49,213 Johnson
3 De Vries 73,157 0.45% 49,298 the Frisian
4 Van den Berg * 60,130 0.37% 37,678 of (from) the mountain
5 Van Dijk, Van Dyk 57,944 0.35% 36,578 of (from) dike
6 Bakker 56,864 0.35% 37,483 Baker
7 Janssen 55,394 0.34% 32,824 Johnson
8 Visser 50,929 0.31% 34,721 Fisher
9 Smit 43,493 0.27% 29,783 Smith
10 Meijer, Meyer 41,497 0.25% 28,256 Mayor (local official such as bailiff or steward)
11 De Boer 39,576 0.24% 25,662 the farmer
12 Mulder 37,250 0.23% 24,665 Miller
13 De Groot 37,221 0.23% 24,724 The Great
14 Bos 36,478 0.22% 23,790 Bush (literally); woods/forest
15 Vos 31,154 0.19% 19,461 Fox
16 Peters 30,864 0.19% 18,583 Peters
17 Hendriks 30,199 0.18% 18,538 Henderson
18 Van Leeuwen 28,774 0.18% 17,754 of (from) Leeuwen; likely also from other places
19 Dekker 28,682 0.17% 18,782 Thatcher
20 Brouwer 26,224 0.16% 17,468 Brewer
21 De Wit 24,904 0.15% 15,156 the white
22 Dijkstra 24,175 0.15% 15,647 a (from the) dike
23 Smits 23,816 0.15% 15,151 Smith
24 De Graaf 21,699 0.13% 13,718 The reeve (local official, e.g. bailiff); literally: the count
25 Van der Meer 21,354 0.13% 13,011 of (from) the lake

When closely related names are combined, the top 15 are:

Rank Surname Number of
people
1 Jansen, Janssen, Janse 135,003
2 de Jong, de Jonge, de Jongh, Jong 108,240
3 Smit, Smits, Smid, de Smit, Smet, Smith 76,604
4 de Vries, Vries, de Vriese 74,058
5 vd Berg, vd Bergh, vd Berge, vd Bergen* 69,080
6 Visser, Visscher, Vissers, de Visser 68,952
7 van Dijk, van Dyk, Dijk, van Dijck 64,070
8 Bakker, Bekker, de Bakker, Backer 62,183
9 de Boer, Boer, den Boer, van de Boer 57,072
10 Mulder, Muller, Müller, Mulders, de Mulder 52,394
11 Peters, Peeters, Pieters, Peterse, Peter 52,389
12 vd Veen, vd Ven, van Veen, van 't Veen * 49,935
13 Bos, Bosch, de Bos 47,995
14 Meijer, Meyer, Meijers 47,761
15 de Groot, Groot, de Groote 47,511

* "vd" is an abbreviation which stands for all variants of "van de", "van den", or "van der"

Source: Nederlands Repertorium van Familienamen, Meertens-Instituut, 1963–2009. Data can be viewed in the Corpus of Family Names in the Netherlands See specifically De top 100 van de familienamen in Nederland (Dutch)

Names ending in -stra or -ma are usually of Frisian origin. For example, Terpstra, Bijlsma, Halsema.

Names ending in -ink or -ing are usually of Low Saxon origin. For example, Hiddink, Meyerink, Mentink.

North Macedonia

RankSurnameMeaning
1Andovson of Ande
2Angelovson of Angel
3Bogdanovson of Bogdan
4Bozinovson of Bozhin
5Brankovson of Branko
6Damcevski
7Davidovson of David
8Dimitrovson of Dimitar
9Donevson of Doncho
10Filipovson of Filip
11Georgievson of Georgi
12Ivanovson of Ivan
13Ivanovskison of Ivan
14Janevson of Jane
15Kitanovski
16Koloski
17Kostovskison of Kosta
18Kostov
19Manasievskison of Manas
20Markovson of Marko
21Markovski
22Markoski
23Matovskison of Mato
24Mladenovskison of Mladen
25Nikolovskison of Nikola
26Pavlovski
27Penovson of Peni
28Petkovson of Petko
29Petrevskison of Petar
30Petrovski
31Popoffpriest
32Popovski
33Ristevskison of Risto
34Stojanovson of Stojan
35Trajanoskison of Trajan
36Trajanovski
37Trajcevski
38Trajkovski

Norway

Rank[47] # Surname Meaning
153,011Hansenpatronymic; son of Hans
250,088Johansenpatronymic; son of Johan or Johannes
349,303Olsenpatronymic; son of Olav, Ole, Olaf or Ola
437.869Larsenpatronymic; son of Lars, Lauritz or Laurits
537,206Andersenpatronymic; son of Anders (or Andres)
635,402Pedersenpatronymic; son of Peder, (Petter, Peter or Per)
734,941Nilsenpatronymic; son of Nils (or Niels)
823,595Kristiansenpatronymic; son of Kristian (or Christian)
923,079Jensenpatronymic; son of Jens
1021,330Karlsenpatronymic; son of Karl (or Carl)
1120,755Johnsenpatronymic; son of John (or Jon)
1220,226Pettersenpatronymic; son of Petter, (Peter, Peder or Per)
1319,241Eriksenpatronymic; son of Erik, (Eirik or Erich)
1418,133Berg
1514,392Haugenfarm name; the Hill
1614,126Hagenfarm name; the garden
1713,387Johannessenpatronymic; son of Johannes (or Johan)
1812,139Andreassenpatronymic; son of Andreas
1911,925Jacobsenpatronymic; son of Jacob (or Jakob)
2011,540Dahlfarm name; a valley
2111,481Jørgensenpatronymic; son of Jørgen
2211,477Halvorsenpatronymic; son of Halvor (or Hallvard)
2311,364Henriksenpatronymic; son of Henrik (or Henrich)
2411,282Lundfarm name; a grove

Poland

RankSurnameMeaningNumbers[48]
1Nowaknewman207,348
2Kowalskifrom kowal 'smith'140,471
3Wiśniewskifrom wiśnia 'cherry'111,174
4Wójcikfrom wójt, a noun describing chief officer of a municipality (gmina),
or from a popular name Wojciech; from the word wojak' 'warrior'
100,064
5Kowalczykfrom kowal 'smith', literally 'smith's son'98,739
6Kamińskifrom kamień 'stone'95,816
7Lewandowskifrom lawenda 'lavender'93,404
8Zielińskifrom zielony 'green'; from zioło, ziele 'herb'91,522
9Szymańskifrom Szymon, equivalent to Simon or Polish for German Schuhmann 'shoemaker'89,698
10Woźniakfrom woźny, 'usher'89,015
11Dąbrowskifrom dąbrowa 'oak grove'87,304
12Kozłowskifrom kozioł 'goat'76,657
13Jankowskifrom Janek, a diminutive of John69,280
14MazurMasurian68,090
15Kwiatkowskifrom kwiatek 'flower (dim.)'66,917
16Wojciechowskifrom the name Wojciech; from the word wojak 'warrior'66,879
17Krawczykfrom krawiec 'tailor', 'tailor's son'64,543
18Kaczmarekfrom karczmarz 'innkeeper'62,399
19Piotrowskifrom Piotr (Peter)61,844
20Grabowskifrom grab 'hornbeam' or grabarz 'gravedigger'59,052

Polish names which end with -ski or -cki have both male and female forms – Kamiński/Kamińska, Wielicki/Wielicka, etc. This needs to be considered when taking a count by, for instance, scanning a telephone book. Historically, -ski, cognate with English -ish and French -esque, was a particle of nobility, like German von.

Portugal

The 50 most frequent surnames in Portugal are listed below.[49][50][51] A number of these surnames may be preceded by of/from (de, d') or of the/from the (do, da, dos, das) as in de Sousa, da Costa, d'Oliveira. Those elements are not part of the surname and are not considered in an alphabetical order.

Order Surname Meaning Frequency
%
Origin
1 Silva toponymic; woodland 9.44% Latin silva
2 Santos saints 5.96% Latin sanctus
3 Ferreira blacksmith 5.25% Latin ferrarius
4 Pereira pear tree 4.88% Latin pirus
5 Oliveira olive tree 3.71% Latin oliva
6 Costa toponymic; '[from the] coast' 3.68% Latin costa
7 Rodrigues patronymic; 'son of Rodrigo' 3.57% Germanic Roderich
8 Martins patronymic; 'son of Martim' 3.23% Latin Martinus
9 Jesus 'Jesus' 2.99% Latin Iesus < Hebrew Yeshua
10 Sousa toponymic; '[from] Sousa' 2.95% Latin saxa
11 Fernandes patronymic; 'son of Fernando' 2.82% Germanic Ferdinand
12 Gonçalves patronymic; 'son of Gonçalo' 2.76% Germanic Gundisalv
13 Gomes patronymic; 'son of Gome', 'Gomo' 2.57% Germanic guma
14 Lopes patronymic; 'son of Lopo' 2.52% Latin lupus
15 Marques patronymic; 'son of Marco' 2.51% Latin Marcus
16 Alves patronymic; 'son of Álvaro' 2.37% Germanic alfhari, alfarr
17 Almeida toponymic 2.27% Arabic al majid
18 Ribeiro toponymic; 'brook' 2.27% Latin riparius
19 Pinto painted or spotted 2.09% Latin pictus
20 Carvalho oak 1.97% Celtic cassos, cassanos
21 Teixeira toponymic; 'yew' 1.69% Latin taxus
22 Moreira toponymic; 'mulberry' 1.54% Latin mora
23 Correia belt 1.53% Celtic (Latinised) korriį
24 Mendes patronymic; 'son of Mendo' 1.39% Germanic Hermengild
25 Nunes patronymic; 'son of Nuno' 1.32% Latin nonus, nunnus
26 Soares patronymic; 'son of Soeiro' 1.28% Germanic (Latinised) Suarius
27 Vieira scallop 1.2% Latin veneria
28 Monteiro toponymic; '[from the] mountain' 1.11% Latin mons
29 Cardoso toponymic; 'thistle' 1.07% Latin carduus
30 Rocha toponymic; 'rock' 1.04% Celtic (Latinised) roc'h
31 Neves snows, devotion to
(Our Lady of the Snows)
0.98% Latin nigvem
32 Coelho rabbit 0.97% Celtiberian cunicos
33 Cruz cross (of Jesus) 0.94% Latin crux
34 Cunha wedge 0.93% Latin cuneus
35 Pires patronymic; son of Pero 0.92% Greek Πετρος (Petros)
36 Duarte patronymic; 'keeper of riches' 0.86% Germanic Edward
37 Reis devotion to the
Three Kings
0.85% Latin rex
38 Simões patronymic; 'son of Simão' 0.85% Greek Σιμων (Simon)
39 Antunes patronymic; 'son of António' 0.82% Etruscan Antonius
40 Matos toponymic; 'bush' 0.82% Late Latin matta
41 Fonseca toponymic; 'dry fountain' 0.81% Latin fons siccus
42 Machado axe 0.76% Latin marculatum
43 Araújo patronymic 0.69% Germanic ruderic
44 Barbosa beard 0.69% Latin barba
45 Tavares toponymic 0.67% Latin Talavaris
46 Lourenço Laurentius, related to laurels 0.65% Latin Laurentum
47 Castro toponymic; 'castle, fortress' 0.62% Latin castrum
48 Figueiredo toponymic; 'fig' 0.62% Latin fīcus
49 Azevedo toponymic; 'holly' 0.60% Latin aquifolium
50 Freitas toponymic; 'hillside' 0.60% Latin fracta

Romania

Rank[52]SurnamePronunciationMeaning
1Popa[ˈpopa]priest
2Popescu[poˈpesku]lit. son of a priest
3Pop[pop]short form of Popa
4Radu[ˈradu]
5Dumitru[duˈmitru]
6Stan[stan]shortened form of Stanislav
7Stoica[ˈstojka]
8Gheorghe[ˈɡe̯orɡe]form of George
9Matei[maˈtej]Romanian form of Matthew
10Ciobanu[t͡ʃjoˈbanu]shepherd
11Ionescu[ioˈnesku]lit. Johnson from Ion, Romanian form of John
12Rusu[rusu]Russian

Russia

See also: Список общерусских фамилий (in Russian Wikipedia)

The 20 most common widespread Russian surnames (for males) from the European part of Russia, as calculated by Balanovskaya et al. (2005):[53]

RankSurnameTransliterationMeaningPercentage[53]
1Смирно́вSmirnovson of Smirnoy (meek one)1.61
2Ивано́вIvanovson of Ivan (John)1.30
3Кузнецо́вKuznetsovsmith's0.90
4Попо́вPopovpriest's son0.79
5Соколо́вSokolovfalcon's0.73
6Ле́бедевLebedevswan's0.65
7Козло́вKozlovhe-goat's; metaphorically: bearded one0.58
8Но́виковNovikovnewman's; see novik for historical details0.54
9Моро́зовMorozovfrost's0.53
10Петро́вPetrovson of Pyotr (Peter)0.44
11Во́лковVolkovwolf's0.44
12СоловьёвSolovyovnightingale's0.44
13Васи́льевVasilyevson of Vasily (Basil)0.42
14За́йцевZaytsevhare's0.41
15Па́вловPavlovson of Pavel (Paul)0.39
16СемёновSemyonovson of Semyon (Simon)0.35
17Го́лубевGolubevpigeon's0.32
18Виногра́довVinogradovgrape's0.32
19Богда́новBogdanovson of Bogdan (given by God)0.31
20ВоробьёвVorobyovsparrow's0.30

Those Russian surnames that end with -ov/-ev or -in/-yn are originally patronymic or metronymic possessive adjectivals with the meaning 'son of' or 'daughter/wife of' (the feminine is formed with the -a ending – Smirnova, Ivanova, etc.). In older documents such surnames were written with the word syn 'son', for example, Ivánov syn 'John's son' or Il'yín syn 'Elijah's son'; the last word was later dropped. Such names are roughly equivalent to the English or Welsh surnames Richardson or Richards.

The Russian equivalent of 'Smith', 'Jones', and 'Brown' (that is, the generic most often used surnames) are Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov, or 'Johns', 'Peters', and 'Isidores', although Sidorov is now ranked only 66th.[53]

Serbia

Rank[54]SurnameCyrillic scriptMeaning
1JovanovićЈовановићson of Jovan (John)
2PetrovićПетровићson of Petar (Peter)
3NikolićНиколићson of Nikola (Nicholas)
4MarkovićМарковићson of Marko (Mark)
5ĐorđevićЂорђевићson of Đorđe (George)
6StojanovićСтојановићson of Stojan (Stoyan)
7IlićИлићson of Ilija (Elijah)
8StankovićСтанковићson of Stanko (Stanislav)
9PavlovićПавловићson of Pavle (Paul)
10MiloševićМилошевићson of Miloš (Miles)

Slovakia

Rank[55][56] # Surname Meaning Origins
130,813HorváthCroatCroatian through Hungarian
229,079KováčblacksmithSlavic, Indo-European
321,650Vargaleatherworker, cobblerHungarian[29]
421,604TóthSlovak (Slav)Germanic through Hungarian[29][56]
519,341Nagylarge/tallHungarian[29]
614,114BalážblessedHungarian via Latin Blasius and Old Church Slavonic 'blessed', from Indo-European
713,998SzabótailorHungarian[29]
812,632MolnárMillerSlavic through Hungarian[29]
910,872Balogleft-handedHungarian,[29] or from Slavic marsh, or both
109,718LukáčLuke Latin Lucas,Greek
119,712NovákNewmanSlavic, Indo-European
129,567KovácsblacksmithSlavic through Hungarian
139,352PolákPoleSlavic, Indo-European
148,777GajdošbagpiperSlavic, Indo-European
158,699KollárwheelerSlavic, Indo-European
167,895HudákmusicianSlavic, Indo-European
177,491NeméthGermanSlavic through Hungarian
187,472KováčikblacksmithSlavic, Indo-European
197,240OláhVlach, RomanianHungarian[29]
207,223Oravecfrom the Orava regionSlavic, Indo-European

Note: The most common surnames in Slovakia are a mixture of Indo-European and the Ugric roots reflecting the 900-year-long coexistence of the Indo-European Slovaks and speakers of other Indo-European languages with Ugric Hungarians and the Croatians, under Hungarian assimilation pressure throughout the 19th century (see Magyarization, see History of Slovakia). In 1910 Hungarians made up one-third of the population of the present-day territory of Slovakia.[57] Hungarians are currently an 8% minority[56] in Slovakia.[58] (see Demographics of Slovakia). While ethnic Hungarians are relatively few in Slovakia, their large presence on the list of most common names reflects the intra-lingual frequency of the frequent names in Hungary.

Slovenia

Rank[59] # Surname Meaning
111,196Novaknew man; from a newly established farm
29,762HorvatCroat
35,640Kovačičson of a blacksmith
45,585Krajncfrom Carniola
55,019Zupančičson of a farmer or the village elder
64,729Potočniknear a stream
74,729Kovačblacksmith
83,957Mlakarnear a puddle
93,905Kosblackbird
103,885Vidmarfarmer belonging to the ruler's estate
113,855Golobpigeon
123,506TurkTurk
133,421BožičChristmas
143,418KraljKing
153,285Korošecfrom Carinthia
163,256Zupanmayor (originally, village elder)
173,209Bizjakarchaic term for refugee; usually applied to Slavic Christian families that had fled from the Ottoman Empire
183,136Hribarfrom the hill
193,069Kotnikfrom a remote area (literally, from a corner)
203,003Kavčičweaver
212,992Rozman
222,873Kastelicfrom a castle
232,841Oblakcloud
242,828Žagarsawer
252,821PetekFriday
262,808Hočevarfrom Kočevje or from Gottschee County
272,807Kolar
282,738Košir
292,598Koren
302,399Klemenčičson of Klemen

Spain

The top ten surnames cover about 20% of the population, with important geographical differences. The regional distribution of surnames within Spain was homogenized mostly through internal migrations, especially since 1950. Names typical of the old crown of Castile have become the most common all over the country. Most of the common Spanish patronymic surnames were introduced in Spain during the fifth to seventh centuries by the Visigoths.

RankSurname# %Meaning
1García1,378,0003.48possibly meaning 'young' from Basque
2Fernández851,0002.15patronymic; son of Fernando, Fredenand, or Fridnand
3González839,0002.12patronymic; son of Gonzalo, from the Latinised form Gundisalvus
4Rodríguez804,0002.03patronymic; son of Rodrigo
5López796,0002.01patronymic; son of Lope, Latin Lupus 'wolf'
6Martínez788,0001.97patronymic; son of Martín, Latin Martis, genitive form of Mars
7Sánchez725,0001.83patronymic; son of Sancho, Latin Sanctius
8Pérez709,0001.79patronymic; son of Pedro, Latin Petrus
9Martín459,0001.16
10Gómez440,0001.11patronymic; son of Gomes, Gomo, or Gomaro
11Ruiz321,0000.81patronymic; son of Rui, variation or short for Rodrigo
12Hernández305,0000.77patronymic; son of Hernando, variation of Fernando
13Jiménez293,0000.74patronymic; son of Jimeno, Xemeno, or Ximeno
14Díaz293,0000.74patronymic; son of Diego
15Álvarez273,0000.69patronymic; son of Álvaro, from Alvar
16Moreno261,0000.66brown-haired, tanned, brunet
17Muñoz241,0000.61patronymic; son of Munio or Muño
18Alonso206,0000.52variation of Alfonso
19Gutiérrez170,0000.43patronymic; son of Gutier, Gutierre, or Gualtierre
20Romero170,0000.43from Latin "romaeus" (lit. "roman") in the sense of 'pilgrim'
21Navarro158,4000.40Navarrese, (from Navarre)
22Torres134,6000.34toponymic; 'towers'
23Domínguez134,6000.34patronymic; 'son of Domingo', from Latin Domenicus, Dominus, 'master'
24Gil134,6000.34patronymic; from older form Egidio
25Vázquez130,0000.33patronymic; son of Vasco
26Serrano122,7000.31'highlander' or 'man from the mountain range'
27Ramos118,0000.30'branches'; meaning born during the Christian feast of Palm Sunday
28Blanco118,0000.30'white'
29Sanz106,9000.27patronymic; son of Sancho, from Latin Sanctius
30Castro102,9000.26toponymic; from Latin castrum meaning 'castle, fort, fortress'
31Suárez102,9000.26patronymic; son of Suero or Suaro
32Ortega99,0000.25from Ortiga, meaning 'nettle plant'
33Rubio99,0000.25'blond, fair-haired'; Latin Rubeus, meaning 'ruddy, reddish'
34Molina99,0000.25'mill' or 'place with mills'
35Delgado95,0000.24'thin, slender, skinny'
36Ramírez95,0000.24patronymic; son of Ramiro, Radamir, or Radmir
37Morales95,0000.24toponymic; 'blackberry groves' or 'mulberry trees'
38Ortiz87,1200.22patronymic; son of Ortún; Latin Fortunius, meaning 'fortunate one'
39Marín83,1600.21Latin Marinus, meaning 'sailor'
40Iglesias83,1600.21'churches'

Source:[60] – Data from December 1999. (2004 data confirmation of top 25)

Canary Islands

RankSurnameApproximate percentage
1González4.79
2Rodríguez4.64
3Hernández4.01
4Pérez3.35
5García3.25
6Martín2.21
7Santana2.18
8Díaz1.86
9Suárez1.38
10Sánchez1.29
11López1.21
12Cabrera1.18
13Ramos0.88
14Medina0.87
15Fernández0.75
16Morales0.73
17Delgado0.70
18Marrero0.70
19León0.69
20Alonso0.61
21Herrera0.59
22Cruz0.58
23Domínguez0.55
24Gutiérrez0.52
25Reyes0.50
26Torres0.48
27Alvarez0.66
28Rivero0.44
29Armas0.42
30Trujillo0.40

Sweden

Source: World Family Names

Rank[61] # Surname Meaning
1251,621Anderssonson of Anders
2251,495Johanssonson of Johan
3223,151Karlssonson of Karl
4171,360Nilssonson of Nils
5147,514Erikssonson of Erik
6124,686Larssonson of Lars
7114,280Olssonson of Olof, Olov, Ola, Ole or Olle (usually a nickname)
8107,911Perssonson of Per
9101,834Svenssonson of Sven
1097,536Gustafssonson of Gustaf
1196,011Petterssonson of Petter
1273,869Jonssonson of Jon
1350,170Janssonson of Jan
1443,926Hanssonson of Hans
1534,302Bengtssonson of Bengt
1632,249Jönssonson of Jöns
1727,533Lindbergcompound of lind (the tree tilia cordata) and berg 'mountain'
1826,793Jakobssonson of Jakob
1926,562Magnussonson of Magnus
2026,424Olofssonson of Olof

List of the 10 most common names among the Sami people (compiled from one third of the Sametinget voting list 2005):[62]

Rank Surname Meaning
1Anderssonson of Anders
2Johanssonson of Johan
3Nilssonson of Nils
4Larssonson of Lars
5Perssonson of Per
6Blind ? of Sami descent
7Jonssonson of Jon
8Erikssonson of Erik
9Nutti ? of Sami descent
10Labba ? of Sami descent

Switzerland

German-speaking cantons (1998): Source:[63]

Rank#SurnameMeaning
131,000Müllermiller
219,150Meiertenant of a large farm
316,900Schmidblacksmith
413,000Kellerwinemaker
511,850Weberweaver
610,550Hubertenant of a small large farm
710,350Meyertenant of a large farm
810,300Schneidertailor
98,950Steiner'stone person'
108,200Fischerfisherman
118,100Brunner'water well person'
128,000Baumann'construction man'
137,950Gerbertanner
147,750Freifree (in terms of freedom)
157,500Moser'bog person'

Surnames of the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino

RankSurname Meaning
1Bianchiwhite
2Bernasconi
3Fontanaone who dwells by a fountain
4Crivellisieve
5GalliGaul; Frenchman
6Cereghetti
7Colombodove (often bestowed upon orphans)
8Rossired, redhead
9Ferrariblacksmith
10Cavadini
11Sante
12Ravelli
13GiovanniJohn
14PieroPeter

Turkey

RankSurnameMeaning
1Yılmazindomitable
2Kayarock
3Demiriron
4Şahinbuteo, hawk
5Çeliksteel
6Yıldızstar
7Yıldırımthunderbolt
8Öztürkpure Turk
9Aydınenlightened
10Özdemirpure iron
11Arslanlion
12Doğanborn, rising, falcon
13Kılıçsword
14Aslanlion
15Çetintough
16Karablack
17Koçram
18Kurtwolf
19Özkanpure blood
20Şimşeklightning
21Polathardy, steel
22Özcanpure soul
23Korkmazunfearful
24Çakırgrayish-blue
25Erdoğanbrave born, male/private falcon

Source: Turkish General Directorate of Population and Citizenships[64]

Ukraine

Many of the surnames use the same root but different suffixes, or even different roots of the same meaning, depending on the part of Ukraine the person hails from.[65]

RankSurnameMeaning
1Melnykmiller
2Shevchenkoshoemaker's
3Boykocombatant's
4Kovalenkosmith's
5Bondarenkocooper's
6Tkachenkoweaver's
7Kovalchuksmith's
8Kravchenkotailor's
9YakovenkoYakov's
10Shevchukshoemaker's
11Kovalsmith
12Polishchukthe Polesian, a man from Polesia
13Bondarcooper
14Tkachukweaver's
15Morozfrost
16MarchenkoMark's
17Lysenkofox's (from Lys) or baldhead's (from Lysyi)
18Rudenkoredhead's
19SavchenkoSavka's (Savka is a form of Sava or Savva)
20PetrenkoPetro's

United Kingdom

England

RankSurnamePercentage[66]
1Smith1.26
2Jones0.75
3Taylor0.59
4Brown0.56
5Williams0.39
6Wilson0.39
7Johnson0.37
8Davies0.34
9Robinson0.32
10Wright0.32
11Thompson0.31
12Evans0.30
13Walker0.30
14White0.30
15Roberts0.28
16Green0.28
17Hall0.28
18Wood0.27
19Jackson0.27
20Clark0.26

Greater London

The following list is for Greater London.[67]

RankSurnameOrigin
1BrownEngland/Scotland
2SmithEngland
3PatelGujarat (India)
4JonesWales
5WilliamsWales/England
6JohnsonScotland/England
7TaylorEngland
8ThomasWales/England
9RobertsWales
10KhanPakistan/India/Bangladesh
11LewisEngland/Ireland/Wales
12JacksonEngland/Scotland
13ClarkeEngland/Scotland
14JamesEngland
15PhillipsEngland
16WilsonEngland
17AliPakistan/Bangladesh/Arabia/Turkey
18MasonEngland/Scotland/France
19MitchellScotland/England
20RoseEngland/Ireland/Germany/Denmark
21DavisWales
22DaviesWales
23RodríguezLatin America/Spain
24CoxWales/Ireland
25AlexanderScotland/Germany

Northern Ireland

Source:[68]

RankSurnameOrigin %
1WilsonEngland0.75
2CampbellScotland0.75
3KellyIreland0.74
4JohnstonScotland0.69
5MooreIreland/England0.62
6ThompsonEngland0.61
7SmythEngland0.60
8BrownScotland0.59
9O’NeillIreland0.57
10DohertyIreland0.54
11StewartScotland0.54
12QuinnIreland0.51
13RobinsonEngland0.50
14MurphyIreland0.49
15GrahamEngland0.48
16MartinEngland/France0.45
17McLaughlinIreland0.45
18HamiltonScotland0.44
19MurrayScotland/Ireland0.43
20HughesWales0.41

Scotland

Source:[68]

RankSurname %
1Smith1.28
2Brown0.94
3Wilson0.89
4Robertson0.78
5Thomson0.78
6Campbell0.77
7Stewart0.73
8Anderson0.70
9Scott0.55
10Murray0.53
11MacDonald0.52
12Reid0.52
13Taylor0.49
14Clark0.47
15Ross0.43
16Young0.42
17Mitchell0.41
18Watson0.41
19Paterson0.40
20Morrison0.40

Wales

Source:[68]

RankSurname %
1Jones5.75
2Williams3.72
3Davies3.72
4Evans2.47
5Thomas2.43
6Roberts1.53
7Lewis1.53
8Hughes1.23
9Morgan1.16
10Griffiths0.96
11Edwards0.93
12Smith0.85
13James0.82
14Rees0.81
15Jenkins0.69
16Owen0.67
17Price0.67
18Phillips0.65
19Moss0.63
20Driscoll0.53 (Ireland)

See also

Notes

  1. The Lithuanian language has different endings for surnames for men and women. The ending of a woman's surname indicates whether she is married or not. Last names of married women end in -ienė while those of unmarried girls end in -ytė, -iūtė, -utė, -aitė.

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