vituperar

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin vituperāre.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /vi.tu.peˈɾa(ʁ)/ [vi.tu.peˈɾa(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /vi.tu.peˈɾa(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /vi.tu.peˈɾa(ʁ)/ [vi.tu.peˈɾa(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /vi.tu.peˈɾa(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /vi.tu.pɨˈɾaɾ/
    • (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /bi.tu.pɨˈɾaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /vi.tu.pɨˈɾa.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: vi‧tu‧pe‧rar

Verb

vituperar (first-person singular present vitupero, first-person singular preterite vituperei, past participle vituperado)

  1. (transitive) to vituperate; revile; affront; outrage; insult
  2. (transitive) to depreciate; demean
  3. (transitive) to reproach harshly
  4. (transitive) to consider (something/someone) as ignominious

Conjugation
    Conjugation of vituperar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal vituperar
Personal vituperar vituperares vituperar vituperarmos vituperardes vituperarem
Gerund
vituperando
Past participle
Masculine vituperado vituperados
Feminine vituperada vituperadas
Indicative
Present vitupero vituperas vitupera vituperamos vituperais vituperam
Imperfect vituperava vituperavas vituperava vituperávamos vituperáveis vituperavam
Preterite vituperei vituperaste vituperou vituperamos1, vituperámos2 vituperastes vituperaram
Pluperfect vituperara vituperaras vituperara vituperáramos vituperáreis vituperaram
Future vituperarei vituperarás vituperará vituperaremos vituperareis vituperarão
Conditional vituperaria vituperarias vituperaria vituperaríamos vituperaríeis vituperariam
Subjunctive
Present vitupere vituperes vitupere vituperemos vitupereis vituperem
Imperfect vituperasse vituperasses vituperasse vituperássemos vituperásseis vituperassem
Future vituperar vituperares vituperar vituperarmos vituperardes vituperarem
Imperative
Affirmative vitupera vitupere vituperemos vituperai vituperem
Negative (não) não vituperes não vitupere não vituperemos não vitupereis não vituperem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin vituperāre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /bitupeˈɾaɾ/ [bi.t̪u.peˈɾaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: vi‧tu‧pe‧rar

Verb

vituperar (first-person singular present vitupero, first-person singular preterite vituperé, past participle vituperado)

  1. (transitive) to vituperate against

Conjugation
    Conjugation of vituperar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive vituperar
gerund vituperando
past participle masculine feminine
singular vituperado vituperada
plural vituperados vituperadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present vitupero vituperastú
vituperásvos		 vitupera vituperamos vituperáis vituperan
imperfect vituperaba vituperabas vituperaba vituperábamos vituperabais vituperaban
preterite vituperé vituperaste vituperó vituperamos vituperasteis vituperaron
future vituperaré vituperarás vituperará vituperaremos vituperaréis vituperarán
conditional vituperaría vituperarías vituperaría vituperaríamos vituperaríais vituperarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present vitupere vituperestú
vituperésvos2		 vitupere vituperemos vituperéis vituperen
imperfect
(ra)		 vituperara vituperaras vituperara vituperáramos vituperarais vituperaran
imperfect
(se)		 vituperase vituperases vituperase vituperásemos vituperaseis vituperasen
future1 vituperare vituperares vituperare vituperáremos vituperareis vituperaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative vituperatú
vituperávos		 vitupere vituperemos vituperad vituperen
negative no vituperes no vitupere no vituperemos no vituperéis no vituperen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of vituperar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive vituperar
dative vituperarme vituperarte vituperarle, vituperarse vituperarnos vituperaros vituperarles, vituperarse
accusative vituperarme vituperarte vituperarlo, vituperarla, vituperarse vituperarnos vituperaros vituperarlos, vituperarlas, vituperarse
with gerund vituperando
dative vituperándome vituperándote vituperándole, vituperándose vituperándonos vituperándoos vituperándoles, vituperándose
accusative vituperándome vituperándote vituperándolo, vituperándola, vituperándose vituperándonos vituperándoos vituperándolos, vituperándolas, vituperándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative vitupera
dative vitupérame vitupérate vitupérale vitupéranos not used vitupérales
accusative vitupérame vitupérate vitupéralo, vitupérala vitupéranos not used vitupéralos, vitupéralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative vituperá
dative vituperame vituperate vituperale vituperanos not used vituperales
accusative vituperame vituperate vituperalo, vituperala vituperanos not used vituperalos, vituperalas
with formal second-person singular imperative vitupere
dative vitupéreme not used vitupérele, vitupérese vitupérenos not used vitupéreles
accusative vitupéreme not used vitupérelo, vitupérela, vitupérese vitupérenos not used vitupérelos, vitupérelas
with first-person plural imperative vituperemos
dative not used vituperémoste vituperémosle vituperémonos vituperémoos vituperémosles
accusative not used vituperémoste vituperémoslo, vituperémosla vituperémonos vituperémoos vituperémoslos, vituperémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative vituperad
dative vituperadme not used vituperadle vituperadnos vituperaos vituperadles
accusative vituperadme not used vituperadlo, vituperadla vituperadnos vituperaos vituperadlos, vituperadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative vituperen
dative vitupérenme not used vitupérenle vitupérennos not used vitupérenles, vitupérense
accusative vitupérenme not used vitupérenlo, vitupérenla vitupérennos not used vitupérenlos, vitupérenlas, vitupérense

Further reading
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