subir
Asturian
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French subir, borrowed from Latin subīre (“approach”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sy.biʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
subir
- (transitive) to suffer
- (transitive) to undergo, be subjected to
- 1862, Victor Hugo, Les Misérables, I.1.i:
- M. Myriel devait subir le sort de tout nouveau venu dans une petite ville où il y a beaucoup de bouches qui parlent et fort peu de têtes qui pensent.
- Monsieur Myriel had to endure the lot of any newcomer in a small town where there are many mouths that talk, and very few heads that think.
- (transitive) to have (an operation, medical test etc.); to take (an exam)
- (transitive) to put up with (someone or something)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | subir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | subissant /sy.bi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | subi /sy.bi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | subis /sy.bi/ |
subis /sy.bi/ |
subit /sy.bi/ |
subissons /sy.bi.sɔ̃/ |
subissez /sy.bi.se/ |
subissent /sy.bis/ |
imperfect | subissais /sy.bi.sɛ/ |
subissais /sy.bi.sɛ/ |
subissait /sy.bi.sɛ/ |
subissions /sy.bi.sjɔ̃/ |
subissiez /sy.bi.sje/ |
subissaient /sy.bi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | subis /sy.bi/ |
subis /sy.bi/ |
subit /sy.bi/ |
subîmes /sy.bim/ |
subîtes /sy.bit/ |
subirent /sy.biʁ/ | |
future | subirai /sy.bi.ʁe/ |
subiras /sy.bi.ʁa/ |
subira /sy.bi.ʁa/ |
subirons /sy.bi.ʁɔ̃/ |
subirez /sy.bi.ʁe/ |
subiront /sy.bi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | subirais /sy.bi.ʁɛ/ |
subirais /sy.bi.ʁɛ/ |
subirait /sy.bi.ʁɛ/ |
subirions /sy.bi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
subiriez /sy.bi.ʁje/ |
subiraient /sy.bi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | subisse /sy.bis/ |
subisses /sy.bis/ |
subisse /sy.bis/ |
subissions /sy.bi.sjɔ̃/ |
subissiez /sy.bi.sje/ |
subissent /sy.bis/ |
imperfect2 | subisse /sy.bis/ |
subisses /sy.bis/ |
subît /sy.bi/ |
subissions /sy.bi.sjɔ̃/ |
subissiez /sy.bi.sje/ |
subissent /sy.bis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | subis /sy.bi/ |
— | subissons /sy.bi.sɔ̃/ |
subissez /sy.bi.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “subir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese subir, sobir, inherited from Latin subīre, present active infinitive of subeō (“approach”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [suˈβiɾ]
Verb
subir (first-person singular present subo, third-person singular present sobe, first-person singular preterite subín, past participle subido)
Conjugation
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | subir | |||||
Personal | subir | subires | subir | subirmos | subirdes | subiren |
Gerund | ||||||
subindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | subido | subidos | ||||
Feminine | subida | subidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | subo | sobes | sobe | subimos | subides | soben |
Imperfect | subía | subías | subía | subiamos | subiades | subían |
Preterite | subín | subiches | subiu | subimos | subistes | subiron |
Pluperfect | subira | subiras | subira | subiramos | subirades | subiran |
Future | subirei | subirás | subirá | subiremos | subiredes | subirán |
Conditional | subiría | subirías | subiría | subiriamos | subiriades | subirían |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | suba | subas | suba | subamos | subades | suban |
Imperfect | subise | subises | subise | subísemos | subísedes | subisen |
Future | subir | subires | subir | subirmos | subirdes | subiren |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | sube | suba | subamos | subide | suban | |
Negative (non) | non subas | non suba | non subamos | non subades | non suban |
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
References
- “subir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “subir” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “subir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “subir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “subir” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese subir, sobir, inherited from Latin subīre (“to approach”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /suˈbi(ʁ)/ [suˈbi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /suˈbi(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /suˈbi(ʁ)/ [suˈbi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /suˈbi(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /suˈbiɾ/ [suˈβiɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /suˈbi.ɾi/ [suˈβi.ɾi]
- Hyphenation: su‧bir
Verb
subir (first-person singular present subo, third-person singular present sobe, first-person singular preterite subi, past participle subido)
Conjugation
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | subir | |||||
Personal | subir | subires | subir | subirmos | subirdes | subirem |
Gerund | ||||||
subindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | subido | subidos | ||||
Feminine | subida | subidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | subo | sobes | sobe | subimos | subis | sobem |
Imperfect | subia | subias | subia | subíamos | subíeis | subiam |
Preterite | subi | subiste | subiu | subimos | subistes | subiram |
Pluperfect | subira | subiras | subira | subíramos | subíreis | subiram |
Future | subirei | subirás | subirá | subiremos | subireis | subirão |
Conditional | subiria | subirias | subiria | subiríamos | subiríeis | subiriam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | suba | subas | suba | subamos | subais | subam |
Imperfect | subisse | subisses | subisse | subíssemos | subísseis | subissem |
Future | subir | subires | subir | subirmos | subirdes | subirem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | sobe | suba | subamos | subi | subam | |
Negative (não) | não subas | não suba | não subamos | não subais | não subam |
Related terms
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Spanish subir, sobir, inherited from Latin subīre (“approach”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /suˈbiɾ/ [suˈβ̞iɾ]
Audio (Colombia): (file) - Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: su‧bir
Verb
subir (first-person singular present subo, first-person singular preterite subí, past participle subido)
- to go up or come up
- Antonym: bajar
- to raise
- Synonym: alzar
- to climb
- Synonym: ascender
- (computing) to upload
- 2019, “No Tan Jóvenes”, performed by Carolina Durante:
- Sólo veo el sol en las fotos que subes / Casi no me acuerdo de su forma
- I only see the Sun in the pics you upload / I barely remember its shape
Conjugation
infinitive | subir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | subiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | subido | subida | |||||
plural | subidos | subidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | subo | subestú subísvos |
sube | subimos | subís | suben | |
imperfect | subía | subías | subía | subíamos | subíais | subían | |
preterite | subí | subiste | subió | subimos | subisteis | subieron | |
future | subiré | subirás | subirá | subiremos | subiréis | subirán | |
conditional | subiría | subirías | subiría | subiríamos | subiríais | subirían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | suba | subastú subásvos2 |
suba | subamos | subáis | suban | |
imperfect (ra) |
subiera | subieras | subiera | subiéramos | subierais | subieran | |
imperfect (se) |
subiese | subieses | subiese | subiésemos | subieseis | subiesen | |
future1 | subiere | subieres | subiere | subiéremos | subiereis | subieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | subetú subívos |
suba | subamos | subid | suban | ||
negative | no subas | no suba | no subamos | no subáis | no suban |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive subir | |||||||
dative | subirme | subirte | subirle, subirse | subirnos | subiros | subirles, subirse | |
accusative | subirme | subirte | subirlo, subirla, subirse | subirnos | subiros | subirlos, subirlas, subirse | |
with gerund subiendo | |||||||
dative | subiéndome | subiéndote | subiéndole, subiéndose | subiéndonos | subiéndoos | subiéndoles, subiéndose | |
accusative | subiéndome | subiéndote | subiéndolo, subiéndola, subiéndose | subiéndonos | subiéndoos | subiéndolos, subiéndolas, subiéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative sube | |||||||
dative | súbeme | súbete | súbele | súbenos | not used | súbeles | |
accusative | súbeme | súbete | súbelo, súbela | súbenos | not used | súbelos, súbelas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative subí | |||||||
dative | subime | subite | subile | subinos | not used | subiles | |
accusative | subime | subite | subilo, subila | subinos | not used | subilos, subilas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative suba | |||||||
dative | súbame | not used | súbale, súbase | súbanos | not used | súbales | |
accusative | súbame | not used | súbalo, súbala, súbase | súbanos | not used | súbalos, súbalas | |
with first-person plural imperative subamos | |||||||
dative | not used | subámoste | subámosle | subámonos | subámoos | subámosles | |
accusative | not used | subámoste | subámoslo, subámosla | subámonos | subámoos | subámoslos, subámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative subid | |||||||
dative | subidme | not used | subidle | subidnos | subíos | subidles | |
accusative | subidme | not used | subidlo, subidla | subidnos | subíos | subidlos, subidlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative suban | |||||||
dative | súbanme | not used | súbanle | súbannos | not used | súbanles, súbanse | |
accusative | súbanme | not used | súbanlo, súbanla | súbannos | not used | súbanlos, súbanlas, súbanse |
Derived terms
- sube y baja
- subida
- subir como la espuma
- subirse a la cabeza
- subirse a las barbas
- subirse al carro
- subirse por las paredes
- ¿eres poeta? ¡pues súbete la bragueta!
Further reading
- “subir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014