rociar

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *rōscidāre, derived from Latin rōscidus. Compare Spanish rociar, Catalan ruixar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ʁ)/ [ho.sɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ʁ)/ [hoˈsja(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ɾ)/ [ho.sɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ɾ)/ [hoˈsja(ɾ)]
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ʁ)/ [χo.sɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ʁ)/ [χoˈsja(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ɻ)/ [ho.sɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ɻ)/ [hoˈsja(ɻ)]
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁuˈsjaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁuˈsja.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: ro‧ci‧ar

Verb

rociar (first-person singular present rocio, first-person singular preterite rociei, past participle rociado)

  1. (transitive) to cover with rattle; to dew
  2. (transitive) to spray; to sprinkle
  3. (intransitive) to form dew; to dew
  4. (intransitive) to deposit in the form of (a) dew

Conjugation
    Conjugation of rociar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal rociar
Personal rociar rociares rociar rociarmos rociardes rociarem
Gerund
rociando
Past participle
Masculine rociado rociados
Feminine rociada rociadas
Indicative
Present rocio rocias rocia rociamos rociais rociam
Imperfect rociava rociavas rociava rociávamos rociáveis rociavam
Preterite rociei rociaste rociou rociamos1, rociámos2 rociastes rociaram
Pluperfect rociara rociaras rociara rociáramos rociáreis rociaram
Future rociarei rociarás rociará rociaremos rociareis rociarão
Conditional rociaria rociarias rociaria rociaríamos rociaríeis rociariam
Subjunctive
Present rocie rocies rocie rociemos rocieis rociem
Imperfect rociasse rociasses rociasse rociássemos rociásseis rociassem
Future rociar rociares rociar rociarmos rociardes rociarem
Imperative
Affirmative rocia rocie rociemos rociai rociem
Negative (não) não rocies não rocie não rociemos não rocieis não rociem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish ruciar, from Vulgar Latin *rōscidāre, derived from Latin rōscidus. Compare Portuguese rociar, Catalan ruixar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): (Spain) /roˈθjaɾ/ [roˈθjaɾ]
  • IPA(key): (Latin America) /roˈsjaɾ/ [roˈsjaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: ro‧ciar

Verb

rociar (first-person singular present rocío, first-person singular preterite rocié, past participle rociado)

  1. (transitive) to sprinkle, spatter
  2. (transitive) to spray, to douse
    • 2023 March 30, Virginia Martínez, “Nueve detenidos por arrojar pintura roja a uno de los leones del Congreso como protesta por la inacción climática”, in El País‎:
      Una decena de miembros de organizaciones contra el cambio climático se han subido este jueves a una de las esculturas de leones del Congreso de los Diputados y han rociado con pintura roja tanto la estatua como varios peldaños de las escaleras, dos columnas y parte de la pared.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. (intransitive) to drizzle or rain as dew

Conjugation
    Conjugation of rociar (i-í alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive rociar
gerund rociando
past participle masculine feminine
singular rociado rociada
plural rociados rociadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present rocío rocíastú
rociásvos		 rocía rociamos rociáis rocían
imperfect rociaba rociabas rociaba rociábamos rociabais rociaban
preterite rocié rociaste roció rociamos rociasteis rociaron
future rociaré rociarás rociará rociaremos rociaréis rociarán
conditional rociaría rociarías rociaría rociaríamos rociaríais rociarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present rocíe rocíestú
rociésvos2		 rocíe rociemos rociéis rocíen
imperfect
(ra)		 rociara rociaras rociara rociáramos rociarais rociaran
imperfect
(se)		 rociase rociases rociase rociásemos rociaseis rociasen
future1 rociare rociares rociare rociáremos rociareis rociaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative rocíatú
rociávos		 rocíe rociemos rociad rocíen
negative no rocíes no rocíe no rociemos no rociéis no rocíen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of rociar (i-í alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive rociar
dative rociarme rociarte rociarle, rociarse rociarnos rociaros rociarles, rociarse
accusative rociarme rociarte rociarlo, rociarla, rociarse rociarnos rociaros rociarlos, rociarlas, rociarse
with gerund rociando
dative rociándome rociándote rociándole, rociándose rociándonos rociándoos rociándoles, rociándose
accusative rociándome rociándote rociándolo, rociándola, rociándose rociándonos rociándoos rociándolos, rociándolas, rociándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative rocía
dative rocíame rocíate rocíale rocíanos not used rocíales
accusative rocíame rocíate rocíalo, rocíala rocíanos not used rocíalos, rocíalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative rociá
dative rociame rociate rociale rocianos not used rociales
accusative rociame rociate rocialo, rociala rocianos not used rocialos, rocialas
with formal second-person singular imperative rocíe
dative rocíeme not used rocíele, rocíese rocíenos not used rocíeles
accusative rocíeme not used rocíelo, rocíela, rocíese rocíenos not used rocíelos, rocíelas
with first-person plural imperative rociemos
dative not used rociémoste rociémosle rociémonos rociémoos rociémosles
accusative not used rociémoste rociémoslo, rociémosla rociémonos rociémoos rociémoslos, rociémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative rociad
dative rociadme not used rociadle rociadnos rociaos rociadles
accusative rociadme not used rociadlo, rociadla rociadnos rociaos rociadlos, rociadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative rocíen
dative rocíenme not used rocíenle rocíennos not used rocíenles, rocíense
accusative rocíenme not used rocíenlo, rocíenla rocíennos not used rocíenlos, rocíenlas, rocíense

Derived terms

Further reading
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