refrescar

Catalan

Pronunciation

Verb

refrescar (first-person singular present refresco, first-person singular preterite refresquí, past participle refrescat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencian) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/

  1. to refresh

Conjugation
    Conjugation of refrescar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)
infinitive refrescar
gerund refrescant
past participle masculine feminine
singular refrescat refrescada
plural refrescats refrescades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present refresco refresques refresca refresquem refresqueu refresquen
imperfect refrescava refrescaves refrescava refrescàvem refrescàveu refrescaven
future refrescaré refrescaràs refrescarà refrescarem refrescareu refrescaran
preterite refresquí refrescares refrescà refrescàrem refrescàreu refrescaren
conditional refrescaria refrescaries refrescaria refrescaríem refrescaríeu refrescarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present refresqui refresquis refresqui refresquem refresqueu refresquin
imperfect refresqués refresquessis refresqués refresquéssim refresquéssiu refresquessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — refresca refresqui refresquem refresqueu refresquin
negative (no) — no refresquis no refresqui no refresquem no refresqueu no refresquin

Derived terms

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

From re- +‎ fresco +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁe.fɾesˈka(ʁ)/ [he.fɾesˈka(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁe.fɾesˈka(ɾ)/ [he.fɾesˈka(ɾ)]
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁe.fɾeʃˈka(ʁ)/ [χe.fɾeʃˈka(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁe.fɾesˈka(ɻ)/ [he.fɾesˈka(ɻ)]
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɨ.fɾɨʃˈkaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɨ.fɾɨʃˈka.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: re‧fres‧car

Verb

refrescar (first-person singular present refresco, first-person singular preterite refresquei, past participle refrescado)

  1. to refresh (to renew or revitalise)
  2. to freshen (to make fresh)

Conjugation
    Conjugation of refrescar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal refrescar
Personal refrescar refrescares refrescar refrescarmos refrescardes refrescarem
Gerund
refrescando
Past participle
Masculine refrescado refrescados
Feminine refrescada refrescadas
Indicative
Present refresco refrescas refresca refrescamos refrescais refrescam
Imperfect refrescava refrescavas refrescava refrescávamos refrescáveis refrescavam
Preterite refresquei refrescaste refrescou refrescamos1, refrescámos2 refrescastes refrescaram
Pluperfect refrescara refrescaras refrescara refrescáramos refrescáreis refrescaram
Future refrescarei refrescarás refrescará refrescaremos refrescareis refrescarão
Conditional refrescaria refrescarias refrescaria refrescaríamos refrescaríeis refrescariam
Subjunctive
Present refresque refresques refresque refresquemos refresqueis refresquem
Imperfect refrescasse refrescasses refrescasse refrescássemos refrescásseis refrescassem
Future refrescar refrescares refrescar refrescarmos refrescardes refrescarem
Imperative
Affirmative refresca refresque refresquemos refrescai refresquem
Negative (não) não refresques não refresque não refresquemos não refresqueis não refresquem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /refɾesˈkaɾ/ [re.fɾesˈkaɾ]
  • Audio (Colombia):(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: re‧fres‧car

Verb

refrescar (first-person singular present refresco, first-person singular preterite refresqué, past participle refrescado)

  1. to refresh
  2. to jog (stimulate a person's memory)
  3. to freshen (the breath)

Conjugation
    Conjugation of refrescar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive refrescar
gerund refrescando
past participle masculine feminine
singular refrescado refrescada
plural refrescados refrescadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present refresco refrescastú
refrescásvos		 refresca refrescamos refrescáis refrescan
imperfect refrescaba refrescabas refrescaba refrescábamos refrescabais refrescaban
preterite refresqué refrescaste refrescó refrescamos refrescasteis refrescaron
future refrescaré refrescarás refrescará refrescaremos refrescaréis refrescarán
conditional refrescaría refrescarías refrescaría refrescaríamos refrescaríais refrescarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present refresque refresquestú
refresquésvos2		 refresque refresquemos refresquéis refresquen
imperfect
(ra)		 refrescara refrescaras refrescara refrescáramos refrescarais refrescaran
imperfect
(se)		 refrescase refrescases refrescase refrescásemos refrescaseis refrescasen
future1 refrescare refrescares refrescare refrescáremos refrescareis refrescaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative refrescatú
refrescávos		 refresque refresquemos refrescad refresquen
negative no refresques no refresque no refresquemos no refresquéis no refresquen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of refrescar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive refrescar
dative refrescarme refrescarte refrescarle, refrescarse refrescarnos refrescaros refrescarles, refrescarse
accusative refrescarme refrescarte refrescarlo, refrescarla, refrescarse refrescarnos refrescaros refrescarlos, refrescarlas, refrescarse
with gerund refrescando
dative refrescándome refrescándote refrescándole, refrescándose refrescándonos refrescándoos refrescándoles, refrescándose
accusative refrescándome refrescándote refrescándolo, refrescándola, refrescándose refrescándonos refrescándoos refrescándolos, refrescándolas, refrescándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative refresca
dative refréscame refréscate refréscale refréscanos not used refréscales
accusative refréscame refréscate refréscalo, refréscala refréscanos not used refréscalos, refréscalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative refrescá
dative refrescame refrescate refrescale refrescanos not used refrescales
accusative refrescame refrescate refrescalo, refrescala refrescanos not used refrescalos, refrescalas
with formal second-person singular imperative refresque
dative refrésqueme not used refrésquele, refrésquese refrésquenos not used refrésqueles
accusative refrésqueme not used refrésquelo, refrésquela, refrésquese refrésquenos not used refrésquelos, refrésquelas
with first-person plural imperative refresquemos
dative not used refresquémoste refresquémosle refresquémonos refresquémoos refresquémosles
accusative not used refresquémoste refresquémoslo, refresquémosla refresquémonos refresquémoos refresquémoslos, refresquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative refrescad
dative refrescadme not used refrescadle refrescadnos refrescaos refrescadles
accusative refrescadme not used refrescadlo, refrescadla refrescadnos refrescaos refrescadlos, refrescadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative refresquen
dative refrésquenme not used refrésquenle refrésquennos not used refrésquenles, refrésquense
accusative refrésquenme not used refrésquenlo, refrésquenla refrésquennos not used refrésquenlos, refrésquenlas, refrésquense

Derived terms

Further reading
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