prolonger
English
References
- “prolonger”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- “prolonger”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin prolongāre. Cf. also Old French porloignier.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒe/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written prolonge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of prolonger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | prolonger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | prolongeant /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | prolongé /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | prolonge /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
prolonges /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
prolonge /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
prolongeons /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒɔ̃/ |
prolongez /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒe/ |
prolongent /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
| imperfect | prolongeais /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒɛ/ |
prolongeais /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒɛ/ |
prolongeait /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒɛ/ |
prolongions /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ |
prolongiez /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒje/ |
prolongeaient /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | prolongeai /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒe/ |
prolongeas /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒa/ |
prolongea /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒa/ |
prolongeâmes /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒam/ |
prolongeâtes /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒat/ |
prolongèrent /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | prolongerai /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁe/ |
prolongeras /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁa/ |
prolongera /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁa/ |
prolongerons /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
prolongerez /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁe/ |
prolongeront /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | prolongerais /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
prolongerais /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
prolongerait /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
prolongerions /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
prolongeriez /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒə.ʁje/ |
prolongeraient /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | prolonge /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
prolonges /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
prolonge /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
prolongions /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ |
prolongiez /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒje/ |
prolongent /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | prolongeasse /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒas/ |
prolongeasses /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒas/ |
prolongeât /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒa/ |
prolongeassions /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
prolongeassiez /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒa.sje/ |
prolongeassent /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | prolonge /pʁɔ.lɔ̃ʒ/ |
— | prolongeons /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒɔ̃/ |
prolongez /pʁɔ.lɔ̃.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
Further reading
- “prolonger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
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