pervertir
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin pervertere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.
Pronunciation
Verb
pervertir (first-person singular present perverteixo, first-person singular preterite pervertí, past participle pervertit)
- (transitive) to pervert
Conjugation
Further reading
- “pervertir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “pervertir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “pervertir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “pervertir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin pervertere, pervertō with change of conjugation class.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tiʁ/
(file) (file)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | pervertir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | pervertissant /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | perverti /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ |
pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ |
pervertit /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ |
pervertissons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/ |
pervertissez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.se/ |
pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
imperfect | pervertissais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ |
pervertissais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ |
pervertissait /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ |
pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ |
pervertissaient /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ |
pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ |
pervertit /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ |
pervertîmes /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tim/ |
pervertîtes /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tit/ |
pervertirent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tiʁ/ | |
future | pervertirai /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/ |
pervertiras /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/ |
pervertira /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/ |
pervertirons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ |
pervertirez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/ |
pervertiront /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | pervertirais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ |
pervertirais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ |
pervertirait /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ |
pervertirions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ |
pervertiriez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁje/ |
pervertiraient /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
pervertisses /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ |
pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
imperfect2 | pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
pervertisses /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ |
pervertît /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ |
pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ |
pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ |
— | pervertissons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/ |
pervertissez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
Further reading
- “pervertir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | pervertir | avoir perverti | |||||
gerund | en pervertissant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | pervertissant | ||||||
past participle | perverti | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | pervertis | pervertis | pervertist | pervertissons | pervertissez | pervertissent |
imperfect | pervertissoie, pervertisseie | pervertissoies, pervertisseies | pervertissoit, pervertisseit | pervertissiiens, pervertissiens | pervertissiiez, pervertissiez | pervertissoient, pervertisseient | |
preterite | perverti | pervertis | perverti | pervertimes | pervertistes | pervertirent | |
future | pervertirai | pervertiras | pervertira | pervertirons | pervertiroiz, pervertireiz, pervertirez | pervertiront | |
conditional | pervertiroie, pervertireie | pervertiroies, pervertireies | pervertiroit, pervertireit | pervertiriiens, pervertiriens | pervertiriiez, pervertiriez | pervertiroient, pervertireient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | pervertisse | pervertisses | pervertisse | pervertissons | pervertissez | pervertissent |
imperfect | pervertisse | pervertisses | pervertist | pervertissons, pervertissiens | pervertissoiz, pervertissez, pervertissiez | pervertissent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | pervertis | — | pervertissons | pervertissez | — |
Descendants
- English: to pervert
- French: pervertir
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin pervertere.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /peɾbeɾˈtiɾ/ [peɾ.β̞eɾˈt̪iɾ]
- Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: per‧ver‧tir
Verb
pervertir (first-person singular present pervierto, first-person singular preterite pervertí, past participle pervertido)
Conjugation
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive pervertir | |||||||
dative | pervertirme | pervertirte | pervertirle, pervertirse | pervertirnos | pervertiros | pervertirles, pervertirse | |
accusative | pervertirme | pervertirte | pervertirlo, pervertirla, pervertirse | pervertirnos | pervertiros | pervertirlos, pervertirlas, pervertirse | |
with gerund pervirtiendo | |||||||
dative | pervirtiéndome | pervirtiéndote | pervirtiéndole, pervirtiéndose | pervirtiéndonos | pervirtiéndoos | pervirtiéndoles, pervirtiéndose | |
accusative | pervirtiéndome | pervirtiéndote | pervirtiéndolo, pervirtiéndola, pervirtiéndose | pervirtiéndonos | pervirtiéndoos | pervirtiéndolos, pervirtiéndolas, pervirtiéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative pervierte | |||||||
dative | perviérteme | perviértete | perviértele | perviértenos | not used | perviérteles | |
accusative | perviérteme | perviértete | perviértelo, perviértela | perviértenos | not used | perviértelos, perviértelas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative pervertí | |||||||
dative | pervertime | pervertite | pervertile | pervertinos | not used | pervertiles | |
accusative | pervertime | pervertite | pervertilo, pervertila | pervertinos | not used | pervertilos, pervertilas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative pervierta | |||||||
dative | perviértame | not used | perviértale, perviértase | perviértanos | not used | perviértales | |
accusative | perviértame | not used | perviértalo, perviértala, perviértase | perviértanos | not used | perviértalos, perviértalas | |
with first-person plural imperative pervirtamos | |||||||
dative | not used | pervirtámoste | pervirtámosle | pervirtámonos | pervirtámoos | pervirtámosles | |
accusative | not used | pervirtámoste | pervirtámoslo, pervirtámosla | pervirtámonos | pervirtámoos | pervirtámoslos, pervirtámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative pervertid | |||||||
dative | pervertidme | not used | pervertidle | pervertidnos | pervertíos | pervertidles | |
accusative | pervertidme | not used | pervertidlo, pervertidla | pervertidnos | pervertíos | pervertidlos, pervertidlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative perviertan | |||||||
dative | perviértanme | not used | perviértanle | perviértannos | not used | perviértanles, perviértanse | |
accusative | perviértanme | not used | perviértanlo, perviértanla | perviértannos | not used | perviértanlos, perviértanlas, perviértanse |
Related terms
Further reading
- “pervertir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014