pa- -an

Tagalog

Alternative forms

Circumfix

pa- -an (Baybayin spelling ᜉ ◌ᜈ᜔)

  1. (causative) Object trigger - have someone do something
    pa- -an + bukas (“open”) → pabuksan (“to have someone open something”)
    Pinabuksan ko kay papa ang pinto.
    I had dad open the door.
  2. (causative) Object trigger - indicates performance of the action of the verb on or to an object
    pa- -an + lagay (“put”) → palagyan (“to have someone put something somewhere”)
    Pinalagyan ni Maribel ng carpet ang sahig.
    Maribel had someone put a carpet on the floor.

Usage notes
  • Normally, /h/ is inserted before -an when the root word ends with a vowel that is not followed by a glottal stop.
    ‎upa + ‎pa- -an → ‎paupahan
    ‎laki + ‎pa- -an → ‎palakihan
  • Due to allophony, /d/ turns into /r/ when inserted before -an or after pa-.
    ‎likod + ‎pa- -an → ‎palikuran
    ‎dami + ‎pa- -an → ‎paramihan
    ‎dangal + ‎pa- -an → ‎parangalan

Derived terms
Tagalog terms circumfixed with pa- -an

Further reading
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