osypać

From o- +‎ sypać. First attested in 1460. Compare Old Czech osypati.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /ɔsɨpat͡ɕ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ɔsɨpat͡ɕ/

osypać pf

1. to shower, to sprinkle (to cover some surface with a loose substance)
   • 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 72:

     Stipate osypcze, obtykayczie (fulcite me floribus, stipate me malis, quia amore langueo Cant 2, 5)

     [Stipate osypcie, obtykajcie (fulcite me floribus, stipate me malis, quia amore langueo Cant 2, 5)]

2. to separate by building mounds or dikes, etc.
   • 1868 [1460], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego‎, volume XI, page 452:

     Hendricus seipsum inscripsit antefatas villas limitibus expartire al. ogranyczycz et scopulis scopire al. coppczy ossypacz ab aliis suis villis

     [Hendricus seipsum inscripsit antefatas villas limitibus expartire al. ograniczyć et scopulis scopire al. kopcy osypać ab aliis suis villis]

• Polish: osypać

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “osypać”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Inherited from Old Polish osypać. By surface analysis, o- +‎ sypać. Compare Czech osypat or Russian осы́пать (osýpatʹ).

• IPA^(key): /ɔˈsɨ.pat͡ɕ/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ɔˈsɨ.pat͡ɕ/
• Rhymes: -ɨpat͡ɕ
• Syllabification: o‧sy‧pać

osypać pf (imperfective osypywać)

1. (transitive, literary) to shower, to sprinkle (to cover some surface with a loose substance) [+instrumental = with what]

   Synonym: obsypać

2. (transitive, literary) to cover (to appear in large quanities)

   Synonym: obsypać

3. (transitive, literary, often of plants) to shed; to lose; to drop (to lose certain parts due to them falling off from the whole)

   Synonym: obsypać

4. (transitive, literary) to shower (to cause a very large amount of something to go to someone or some place) [+instrumental = with what]

   Synonym: obsypać

5. (transitive, botany, horticulture) to loosen the soil around a plant and cover it with this soil to protect it (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?) [+instrumental = with what]

   Synonyms: obkopać, obsypać, okopać

6. (reflexive with się) to be sprinkled, to be showered
7. (reflexive with się) to be shed (having broken away from something, to fall in large numbers to some ground)

   Synonym: obsypać się

8. (reflexive with się) to deform (to lose one's original shape due to fragments sliding or falling off)
9. (reflexive with się, colloquial, of trees) to shed (to quickly lose all leaves or needles) [+ z (genitive) = what leaves/needles]
10. (reflexive with się) to shower each other, to sprinkle one another [+instrumental = with what]

    Synonym: obsypać się

11. (reflexive with się, of bees) to die en masse

osypać pf

1. (impersonal, transitive, of a rash, colloquial) to break out (to appear)

   Synonyms: obsypać, wysypać

• osypać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• osypać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “osypać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “osypać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “osypać”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “osypać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “osypać”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 879