ofuscar

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin offuscāre (“to darken, to obscure”), from Latin ob- + fuscō (“to darken”). Compare French offusquer.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /o.fusˈka(ʁ)/ [o.fusˈka(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /o.fusˈka(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /o.fuʃˈka(ʁ)/ [o.fuʃˈka(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /o.fusˈka(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɔ.fuʃˈkaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɔ.fuʃˈka.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: o‧fus‧car

Verb

ofuscar (first-person singular present ofusco, first-person singular preterite ofusquei, past participle ofuscado)

  1. (transitive) to outshine

Conjugation
    Conjugation of ofuscar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal ofuscar
Personal ofuscar ofuscares ofuscar ofuscarmos ofuscardes ofuscarem
Gerund
ofuscando
Past participle
Masculine ofuscado ofuscados
Feminine ofuscada ofuscadas
Indicative
Present ofusco ofuscas ofusca ofuscamos ofuscais ofuscam
Imperfect ofuscava ofuscavas ofuscava ofuscávamos ofuscáveis ofuscavam
Preterite ofusquei ofuscaste ofuscou ofuscamos1, ofuscámos2 ofuscastes ofuscaram
Pluperfect ofuscara ofuscaras ofuscara ofuscáramos ofuscáreis ofuscaram
Future ofuscarei ofuscarás ofuscará ofuscaremos ofuscareis ofuscarão
Conditional ofuscaria ofuscarias ofuscaria ofuscaríamos ofuscaríeis ofuscariam
Subjunctive
Present ofusque ofusques ofusque ofusquemos ofusqueis ofusquem
Imperfect ofuscasse ofuscasses ofuscasse ofuscássemos ofuscásseis ofuscassem
Future ofuscar ofuscares ofuscar ofuscarmos ofuscardes ofuscarem
Imperative
Affirmative ofusca ofusque ofusquemos ofuscai ofusquem
Negative (não) não ofusques não ofusque não ofusquemos não ofusqueis não ofusquem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Further reading

Spanish

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Late Latin obfuscāre, from Latin ob- + fuscō (“to darken”). Compare Italian offuscare.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ofusˈkaɾ/ [o.fusˈkaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: o‧fus‧car

Verb

ofuscar (first-person singular present ofusco, first-person singular preterite ofusqué, past participle ofuscado)

  1. (transitive) to obfuscate
  2. (transitive) to confuse
  3. (transitive) to wow, astonish

Conjugation
    Conjugation of ofuscar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive ofuscar
gerund ofuscando
past participle masculine feminine
singular ofuscado ofuscada
plural ofuscados ofuscadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present ofusco ofuscastú
ofuscásvos		 ofusca ofuscamos ofuscáis ofuscan
imperfect ofuscaba ofuscabas ofuscaba ofuscábamos ofuscabais ofuscaban
preterite ofusqué ofuscaste ofuscó ofuscamos ofuscasteis ofuscaron
future ofuscaré ofuscarás ofuscará ofuscaremos ofuscaréis ofuscarán
conditional ofuscaría ofuscarías ofuscaría ofuscaríamos ofuscaríais ofuscarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present ofusque ofusquestú
ofusquésvos2		 ofusque ofusquemos ofusquéis ofusquen
imperfect
(ra)		 ofuscara ofuscaras ofuscara ofuscáramos ofuscarais ofuscaran
imperfect
(se)		 ofuscase ofuscases ofuscase ofuscásemos ofuscaseis ofuscasen
future1 ofuscare ofuscares ofuscare ofuscáremos ofuscareis ofuscaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative ofuscatú
ofuscávos		 ofusque ofusquemos ofuscad ofusquen
negative no ofusques no ofusque no ofusquemos no ofusquéis no ofusquen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of ofuscar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive ofuscar
dative ofuscarme ofuscarte ofuscarle, ofuscarse ofuscarnos ofuscaros ofuscarles, ofuscarse
accusative ofuscarme ofuscarte ofuscarlo, ofuscarla, ofuscarse ofuscarnos ofuscaros ofuscarlos, ofuscarlas, ofuscarse
with gerund ofuscando
dative ofuscándome ofuscándote ofuscándole, ofuscándose ofuscándonos ofuscándoos ofuscándoles, ofuscándose
accusative ofuscándome ofuscándote ofuscándolo, ofuscándola, ofuscándose ofuscándonos ofuscándoos ofuscándolos, ofuscándolas, ofuscándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative ofusca
dative ofúscame ofúscate ofúscale ofúscanos not used ofúscales
accusative ofúscame ofúscate ofúscalo, ofúscala ofúscanos not used ofúscalos, ofúscalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative ofuscá
dative ofuscame ofuscate ofuscale ofuscanos not used ofuscales
accusative ofuscame ofuscate ofuscalo, ofuscala ofuscanos not used ofuscalos, ofuscalas
with formal second-person singular imperative ofusque
dative ofúsqueme not used ofúsquele, ofúsquese ofúsquenos not used ofúsqueles
accusative ofúsqueme not used ofúsquelo, ofúsquela, ofúsquese ofúsquenos not used ofúsquelos, ofúsquelas
with first-person plural imperative ofusquemos
dative not used ofusquémoste ofusquémosle ofusquémonos ofusquémoos ofusquémosles
accusative not used ofusquémoste ofusquémoslo, ofusquémosla ofusquémonos ofusquémoos ofusquémoslos, ofusquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative ofuscad
dative ofuscadme not used ofuscadle ofuscadnos ofuscaos ofuscadles
accusative ofuscadme not used ofuscadlo, ofuscadla ofuscadnos ofuscaos ofuscadlos, ofuscadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative ofusquen
dative ofúsquenme not used ofúsquenle ofúsquennos not used ofúsquenles, ofúsquense
accusative ofúsquenme not used ofúsquenlo, ofúsquenla ofúsquennos not used ofúsquenlos, ofúsquenlas, ofúsquense

Further reading
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