mordeo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *mordeō, from *mordejō, from Proto-Indo-European iterative *(s)mord-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)merd- (“to bite, sting”).

Cognate with Sanskrit मर्दति (márdati, “press, crush, destroy”), म्रदते (mradate, “pulverize”), Ancient Greek σμερδνός (smerdnós, “dreadful”), σμερδαλέος (smerdaléos), English smart.

Pronunciation

Verb

mordeō (present infinitive mordēre, perfect active momordī, supine morsum); second conjugation

  1. to bite (into); nibble, gnaw
  2. to nip, sting
  3. to eat, consume, devour, erode
  4. to bite into, take hold of, press or cut into
  5. to hurt, pain, sting
  6. to squander, waste, dissipate

Conjugation
  • The third principal part, momordī, also appears as memordī.
   Conjugation of mordeō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present mordeō mordēs mordet mordēmus mordētis mordent
imperfect mordēbam mordēbās mordēbat mordēbāmus mordēbātis mordēbant
future mordēbō mordēbis mordēbit mordēbimus mordēbitis mordēbunt
perfect momordī momordistī momordit momordimus momordistis momordērunt,
momordēre
pluperfect momorderam momorderās momorderat momorderāmus momorderātis momorderant
future perfect momorderō momorderis momorderit momorderimus momorderitis momorderint
passive present mordeor mordēris,
mordēre		 mordētur mordēmur mordēminī mordentur
imperfect mordēbar mordēbāris,
mordēbāre		 mordēbātur mordēbāmur mordēbāminī mordēbantur
future mordēbor mordēberis,
mordēbere		 mordēbitur mordēbimur mordēbiminī mordēbuntur
perfect morsus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect morsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect morsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present mordeam mordeās mordeat mordeāmus mordeātis mordeant
imperfect mordērem mordērēs mordēret mordērēmus mordērētis mordērent
perfect momorderim momorderīs momorderit momorderīmus momorderītis momorderint
pluperfect momordissem momordissēs momordisset momordissēmus momordissētis momordissent
passive present mordear mordeāris,
mordeāre		 mordeātur mordeāmur mordeāminī mordeantur
imperfect mordērer mordērēris,
mordērēre		 mordērētur mordērēmur mordērēminī mordērentur
perfect morsus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect morsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — mordē — — mordēte —
future — mordētō mordētō — mordētōte mordentō
passive present — mordēre — — mordēminī —
future — mordētor mordētor — — mordentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives mordēre momordisse morsūrum esse mordērī morsum esse morsum īrī
participles mordēns — morsūrus — morsus mordendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
mordendī mordendō mordendum mordendō morsum morsū

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Aragonese: morder
  • Asturian: morder
  • Galician: morder
  • Portuguese: morder
  • Spanish: morder

Reflexes of an assumed variant *mordĕre:[1]

  • Italo-Romance:
  • Insular Romance:
    • Sardinian: mòrdere, mòrdiri
  • North Italian:
  • Gallo-Romance:

References
  1. Grandgent, Charles Hall (1907) An Introduction to Vulgar Latin (Heath's Modern Language Series), D. C. Heath & Company, page 167

Further reading
  • “mordeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “mordeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • mordeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be conscience-stricken: conscientia morderi (Tusc. 4. 20. 45)
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