mj

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mj"

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Compare with Hebrew מי (mí).

Pronoun
mD38

 interrogative enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun

  1. who?, what?; a general interrogative pronoun for people and things
Usage notes

This form of pronoun is an enclitic that must directly follow the word it modifies. Its meaning depends on its context:

  • When it follows a verb, it indicates the object of the verb.
  • In the second and third person when it follows an adjective, it forms the subject of an adjectival sentence.
  • When it follows a relative adjective, such as ntj, ntt, or jsṯ, it indicates the subject of the relative clause (usually only in the first person singular and third person common).
  • When it follows an imperative, it indicates the subject or the object of the verb.
  • When it follows a particle like m.k, it indicates the subject of the clause.
  • When attached to a preposition, it indicates the object of the preposition.
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mj  
m&a
G20
mj mj
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Possibly to be identified with the proclitic particle m (“see, behold”).

Particle
mD38

 enclitic

  1. (following a verb in the imperative) strengthens an imperative; please, now
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mj  
mD37
ma
m&a iiA2
mj mj my
[Late Egyptian]

Preposition
mii
  1. like, just as
  2. in accordance with
  3. as well as
Usage notes

When the object is a personal pronoun, mj is not used; instead, one of its derivatives mjtj and mjtw is used with a suffix pronoun.

Inflection
Adverbial forms of mj  
miii
my
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mj  
mi
mj
Derived terms

Verb
miD54
  1. imperative of jj (“to come”)
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mj  
maiD54
mD54
m&a iy
D54
m&a iy
D54		 B1
mj m mj mj
[Late Egyptian] [Late Egyptian]
with feminine addressee
Descendants
  • Demotic: jmj
    • Coptic: ⲁⲙⲟⲩ (amou) (masculine singular), ⲁⲙⲏ (amē) (feminine singular), ⲁⲙⲱⲓ- (amōi-) (masculine plural), ⲁⲙⲏⲓ- (amēi-), ⲁⲙⲏⲉⲓ- (amēei-) (feminine plural)

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 56, 78, 86, 90, 189–190, 198.
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN
  • Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, pages 78–79
  1. Allen, James Peter (2015) Middle Egyptian Literature: Eight Literary Works of the Middle Kingdom, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 283
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