loukata
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *louk'at'ak. Related to Ingrian loukata, Karelian loukahtoa and Votic loukõtõ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlou̯kɑtɑˣ/, [ˈlo̞u̯kɑ̝t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -oukɑtɑ
- Syllabification(key): lou‧ka‧ta
Verb
loukata
- (transitive) to wound, hurt, injure (cause a physical injury to (chiefly of [one's own] body parts))
- (transitive, usually atelic) to hurt (someone's feelings), injure, offend, insult, wound (cause emotional offense to)
- (transitive, usually atelic) to violate, infringe upon, encroach upon, make inroads on
- Loukkasivatko Venäjän hävittäjät Suomen ilmatilaa?
- Did the Russian fighter planes violate the Finnish air space?
- (intransitive) to get hurt (physically)
- Loukkasitko pahasti?
- Did you get badly hurt?
Conjugation
| Inflection of loukata (Kotus type 73*A/salata, kk-k gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | loukkaan | en loukkaa | 1st sing. | olen loukannut | en ole loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | loukkaat | et loukkaa | 2nd sing. | olet loukannut | et ole loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | loukkaa | ei loukkaa | 3rd sing. | on loukannut | ei ole loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | loukkaamme | emme loukkaa | 1st plur. | olemme loukanneet | emme ole loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | loukkaatte | ette loukkaa | 2nd plur. | olette loukanneet | ette ole loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | loukkaavat | eivät loukkaa | 3rd plur. | ovat loukanneet | eivät ole loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | loukataan | ei loukata | passive | on loukattu | ei ole loukattu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | loukkasin | en loukannut | 1st sing. | olin loukannut | en ollut loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | loukkasit | et loukannut | 2nd sing. | olit loukannut | et ollut loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | loukkasi | ei loukannut | 3rd sing. | oli loukannut | ei ollut loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | loukkasimme | emme loukanneet | 1st plur. | olimme loukanneet | emme olleet loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | loukkasitte | ette loukanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte loukanneet | ette olleet loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | loukkasivat | eivät loukanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat loukanneet | eivät olleet loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | loukattiin | ei loukattu | passive | oli loukattu | ei ollut loukattu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | loukkaisin | en loukkaisi | 1st sing. | olisin loukannut | en olisi loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | loukkaisit | et loukkaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit loukannut | et olisi loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | loukkaisi | ei loukkaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi loukannut | ei olisi loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | loukkaisimme | emme loukkaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme loukanneet | emme olisi loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | loukkaisitte | ette loukkaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte loukanneet | ette olisi loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | loukkaisivat | eivät loukkaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat loukanneet | eivät olisi loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | loukattaisiin | ei loukattaisi | passive | olisi loukattu | ei olisi loukattu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | loukkaa | älä loukkaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | loukatkoon | älköön loukatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon loukannut | älköön olko loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | loukatkaamme | älkäämme loukatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | loukatkaa | älkää loukatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | loukatkoot | älkööt loukatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot loukanneet | älkööt olko loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | loukattakoon | älköön loukattako | passive | olkoon loukattu | älköön olko loukattu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | loukannen | en loukanne | 1st sing. | lienen loukannut | en liene loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | loukannet | et loukanne | 2nd sing. | lienet loukannut | et liene loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | loukannee | ei loukanne | 3rd sing. | lienee loukannut | ei liene loukannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | loukannemme | emme loukanne | 1st plur. | lienemme loukanneet | emme liene loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | loukannette | ette loukanne | 2nd plur. | lienette loukanneet | ette liene loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | loukannevat | eivät loukanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät loukanneet | eivät liene loukanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | loukattaneen | ei loukattane | passive | lienee loukattu | ei liene loukattu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | loukata | present | loukkaava | loukattava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | loukannut | loukattu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | loukatessa | loukattaessa | agent3 | loukkaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | loukkaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | loukaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | loukkaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | loukkaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | loukkaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | loukkaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | loukkaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | loukkaaman | loukattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | loukkaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
adjectives
nouns
verbs
Related terms
- verbs: loukkaantua
Further reading
- “loukata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
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