kopati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopati.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kǒpati/
  • Hyphenation: ko‧pa‧ti

Verb

kòpati impf (Cyrillic spelling ко̀пати)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to dig

Conjugation
Conjugation of kopati
Infinitive: kopati Present verbal adverb: kòpajūći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: kòpānje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present kopam kopaš kopa kopamo kopate kopaju
Future Future I kopat ću1
kopaću		 kopat ćeš1
kopaćeš		 kopat će1
kopaće		 kopat ćemo1
kopaćemo		 kopat ćete1
kopaćete		 kopat će1
kopaće
Future II bȕdēm kopao2 bȕdēš kopao2 bȕdē kopao2 bȕdēmo kopali2 bȕdēte kopali2 bȕdū kopali2
Past Perfect kopao sam2 kopao si2 kopao je2 kopali smo2 kopali ste2 kopali su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam kopao2 bȉo si kopao2 bȉo je kopao2 bíli smo kopali2 bíli ste kopali2 bíli su kopali2
Imperfect kopah kopaše kopaše kopasmo kopaste kopahu
Conditional I kopao bih2 kopao bi2 kopao bi2 kopali bismo2 kopali biste2 kopali bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih kopao2 bȉo bi kopao2 bȉo bi kopao2 bíli bismo kopali2 bíli biste kopali2 bíli bi kopali2
Imperative — kopaj — kopajmo kopajte —
Active past participle kopao m / kopala f / kopalo n kopali m / kopale f / kopala n
Passive past participle kopan m / kopana f / kopano n kopani m / kopane f / kopana n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *kǫpati.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kòːpati/, /kɔpàːti/

Verb

kọ́pati or kopáti impf

  1. (transitive) to bathe
Inflection
-ati -am or -Cati -Cjem
infinitive kọ́pati, kopáti
1st singular kọ́pam, kọ́pljem
infinitive kọ́pati, kopáti kọ́pat
supine kọ́pat
verbal noun kọ́panje, kopȃnje
participle converb
present kopajọ̄č kopȃje
past kọ́pan —
l-participle masculine feminine neuter
singular kọ́pał kopȃla kopálo
dual kopála kopáli kopáli
plural kopáli kopále kopála
present imperative
1st singular kọ́pam, kọ́pljem —
2nd singular kọ́paš, kọ́plješ kọ́paj, kọ́plji
3rd singular kọ́pa, kọ́plje —
1st dual kọ́pava, kọ́pljeva kọ́pajva, kopȃjva, kọ́pljiva, kopljȋva
2nd dual kọ́pata, kọ́pljeta kọ́pajta, kopȃjta, kọ́pljita, kopljȋta
3rd dual kọ́pata, kọ́pljeta —
1st plural kọ́pamo, kọ́pljemo kọ́pajmo, kopȃjmo, kọ́pljimo, kopljȋmo
2nd plural kọ́pate, kọ́pljete kọ́pajte, kopȃjte, kọ́pljite, kopljȋte
3rd plural kọ́pajo, kọ́pljejo —
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *kopati.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kɔpàːti/

Verb

kopáti impf

  1. to dig
Inflection
-Cati -Cjem or -ati -am
infinitive kopáti
1st singular kọ́pljem, kopȃm
infinitive kopáti kópat
supine kópat
verbal noun kopȃnje
participle converb
present kopajọ̄č kopȃje
past kopán —
l-participle masculine feminine neuter
singular kópał kopȃla kopálo
dual kopála kopáli kopáli
plural kopáli kopále kopála
present imperative
1st singular kọ́pljem, kopȃm —
2nd singular kọ́plješ, kopȃš kóplji, kópaj
3rd singular kọ́plje, kopȃ —
1st dual kọ́pljeva, kopȃva kopljȋva, kopȃjva
2nd dual kọ́pljeta, kopȃta kopljȋta, kopȃjta
3rd dual kọ́pljeta, kopȃta —
1st plural kọ́pljemo, kopȃmo kopljȋmo, kopȃjmo
2nd plural kọ́pljete, kopȃte kopljȋte, kopȃjte
3rd plural kọ́pljejo, kopȃjo —
Derived terms

Further reading
  • “kopati”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
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