kilenc
Hungarian
90 | ||
← 8 | 9 | 10 → |
---|---|---|
Cardinal: kilenc Nominal: kilences Ordinal: kilencedik Day of month: kilencedike A.o.: kilencedszer, kilencedjére Adverbial: kilencszer Multiplier: kilencszeres Distributive: kilencesével Collective: mind a kilenc Fractional: kilenced Number of people: kilencen |
Etymology
First attested in 1378. Uncertain origin. Perhaps developed from the kül ~ kil variants of kívül (“outside”). The “outside of something” meaning may refer to the fact that the number ten has not yet been reached. Compare Northern Mansi онтолов (ontolow, literally “side to ten”) vs. лов (low) and Northern Khanty яртъяӈ (jart”jaṇ) vs. яӈ (jaṇ) (“nine” and “ten”). The n is perhaps an adverb-of-location suffix; the c [t͡s] may be a remnant of a word with the meaning of “ten” in related languages, as in Komi-Zyrian ӧкмыс (ökmys), Udmurt укмыс (ukmys). See also nyolc (“eight”) and harminc (“thirty”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkilɛnt͡s]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: ki‧lenc
- Rhymes: -ɛnt͡s
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kilenc | kilencek |
accusative | kilencet | kilenceket |
dative | kilencnek | kilenceknek |
instrumental | kilenccel | kilencekkel |
causal-final | kilencért | kilencekért |
translative | kilenccé | kilencekké |
terminative | kilencig | kilencekig |
essive-formal | kilencként | kilencekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | kilencben | kilencekben |
superessive | kilencen | kilenceken |
adessive | kilencnél | kilenceknél |
illative | kilencbe | kilencekbe |
sublative | kilencre | kilencekre |
allative | kilenchez | kilencekhez |
elative | kilencből | kilencekből |
delative | kilencről | kilencekről |
ablative | kilenctől | kilencektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
kilencé | kilenceké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
kilencéi | kilencekéi |
Possessive forms of kilenc | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | kilencem | kilenceim |
2nd person sing. | kilenced | kilenceid |
3rd person sing. | kilence | kilencei |
1st person plural | kilencünk | kilenceink |
2nd person plural | kilencetek | kilenceitek |
3rd person plural | kilencük | kilenceik |
Derived terms
- kilenclyukú
- kilencszög
(Non-institutionalized adjectival compounds with single-element numerals [excerpt]):
kilencezres, kilencmilliós, kilencmilliárdos, kilencbilliós; kilencméteres, kilenccentis, kilenckilós, kilencdekás, kilencgrammos, kilenctonnás, kilencliteres; kilencwattos, kilencamperes; kilencperces, kilencórás, kilencórai, kilencórányi, kilencnapi, kilencnapos, kilenchetes, kilencheti, kilencéves, kilencévi, kilenchavi; kilencpercenként, kilencóránként, kilencnaponta, kilencnaponként, kilenchetente, kilenchetenként, kilenchavonta, kilenchavonként, kilencévente, kilencévenként; kilencfokos, kilencfokú, kilencirányú, kilencoldalas, kilencoldalú, kilenckötetes, kilencdimenziós, kilencszázalékos, kilenckerekű, kilencfős, kilencfőnyi, kilencnyelvű, kilencgyerekes / kilencgyermekes, kilenctagú, kilencelemű, kilencrészes, kilencemeletes, kilencrétegű, kilencszintes, kilencablakos, kilencajtós, kilencüléses, kilencjegyű, kilencpontos, kilencszavas, kilencbetűs, kilencsoros; kilencforintos, kilencdolláros, kilenceurós; kilenclábú, kilencágú, kilencfejű, kilenckezű, kilenckarú, kilencszemű, kilencfülű, kilenclevelű.
References
- kilenc in Gerstner, Károly (ed.). Új magyar etimológiai szótár. (’New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian’). Beta version. Budapest, MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézet / Magyar Nyelvtudományi Kutatóközpont, 2011–2022. (Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary). Language abbreviations
Further reading
- kilenc in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN