kayangan

kayangan

1. Romanization of ᬓᬬᬗᬦ᭄.

• From Malay kayangan, from Javanese kayangan (ꦏꦪꦔꦤ꧀, “paradise, heaven”), from Old Javanese kahyaṅan (“abode of the gods, temple, sacred place, hermitage”). Equivalent to hyang +‎ ke- -an.
• Semantic loan from Balinese kayangan (ᬓᬬᬗᬦ᭄, “temple”), cf. above.

• IPA^(key): [kaˈjaŋan]
• Hyphenation: ka‧yang‧an

kayangan (first-person possessive kayanganku, second-person possessive kayanganmu, third-person possessive kayangannya)

1. paradise, heaven.

   Synonyms: adnan, eden, firdaus, janah, nirwana, surga, indraloka, kedewaan, keindraan, suargaloka, suralaya, surgaloka, paradiso

2. (Balinese, Hinduism) temple.

   Synonyms: pura, kahyangan

• kahyangan

• “kayangan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

kayangan

1. Romanization of ꦏꦪꦔꦤ꧀.

From Javanese kayangan (ꦏꦪꦔꦤ꧀, “paradise, heaven”), from Old Javanese kahyaṅan (“abode of the gods, temple, sacred place, hermitage”).

• IPA^(key): /kaˈjaŋan/, [kaˈja.ŋan]

kayangan (Jawi spelling کايڠن, informal 1st possessive kayanganku, 2nd possessive kayanganmu, 3rd possessive kayangannya)

1. paradise, heaven (the abode of the gods)

   Synonyms: inderaloka, keinderaan, syurga

2. (figurative, often derogatory) the elite, the high and mighty (a wealthy upper class disconnected from the living reality of the masses)
   • 2021 29 April, Mohd Sharkawi Londing, “Tak kira kayangan atau marhaen, patuhi SOP”, in Kosmo!‎:

     Jadi, ikutlah sistem SOP yang ditetapkan tidak kiralah siapa kita, rak­yat marhaen ke atau orang ‘ka­yangan’ ke, pokoknya patuhlah SOP yang ditetapkan.

     So please, follow the stipulated SOP (= standard operating procedure) no matter if you are commonfolk or the upper crust, by all means follow the stipulated SOP.

• “kayangan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.