kasih

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay kasih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-qasiq (“mercy, pity, affection”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkasɪh]
  • Hyphenation: ka‧sih

Noun

kasih (first-person possessive kasihku, second-person possessive kasihmu, third-person possessive kasihnya)

  1. love

Derived terms
  • berkasih
  • berkasih-kasihan
  • kasihan
  • kekasih
  • mengasihani
  • mengasihi
  • pekasih
  • pengasih
  • pengasihan
  • terkasih
  • kasih mesra
  • kasih sayang

Verb

kasih

  1. (intransitive) to give affection
  2. (colloquial, transitive) to give
    Synonyms: beri, kasi

Conjugation
Conjugation of kasih (meng-, intransitive)
Root kasih
Active Involuntary /
Perfective		 Passive Basic /
Imperative		 Jussive
Active mengasih terkasih dikasih kasih kasihlah
Locative mengasihi terkasihi dikasihi kasihi kasihilah
Causative / Applicative1 mengasihkan terkasihkan dikasihkan kasihkan kasihkanlah
Causative
Active memperkasih terperkasih diperkasih perkasih perkasihlah
Locative memperkasihi terperkasihi diperkasihi perkasihi perkasihilah
Causative / Applicative1 memperkasihkan terperkasihkan diperkasihkan perkasihkan perkasihkanlah
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Notes:
Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms
  • mengasih
  • pengasih

Further reading

Maguindanao

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-qasiq (“mercy, pity, affection”).

Noun

kasih

  1. love

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-qasiq (“mercy, pity, affection”).

First attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (kasīh), in inflected form kasīhan (current spelling kasihan). Sense of "giving" may be semantic extension from the action of loving into repaying or providing reciprocal affection.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kasih/
  • Rhymes: -asih, -sih, -ih
  • (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): [kä.sɪh, -seh, -se̞h]
  • Rhymes: -eh

Noun

kasih (Jawi spelling کاسيه, plural kasih-kasih, informal 1st possessive kasihku, 2nd possessive kasihmu, 3rd possessive kasihnya)

  1. love, care, affection
    Synonym: sayang

Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

  • terima kasih (“thank you”)
  • kasih sayang (“affection, fondness”)

Verb

kasih

  1. to love, to show affection for
  2. (rare) to give
    Synonyms: kasi, beri, bagi

Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • pengasih (“lover”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
  • kekasih (“lover”) [passive] (ke-)
  • kasihan (“pity, sympathy”) [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
  • mengasihani (“to pity”) [agent focus + repetition / reciprocity + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -an + -i)
  • mengasihi (“to love”) [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
  • berkasih-kasihan (“to be in love with each other”) [reduplication + stative / habitual + repetition / reciprocity] (redup + beR- + -an)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

References
  • Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “کاسه kasih”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 74
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “کاسه kaseh”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, pages 494-5
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “kaseh”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 514

Further reading
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