impleo

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From in- +‎ pleō.

Pronunciation

Verb

impleō (present infinitive implēre, perfect active implēvī, supine implētum); second conjugation

  1. to fill up, fill full; cover. (+ genitive, ablative, or accusative case)
    Synonyms: expleō, repleō, suppleō, cumulō, compleō, stīpō, imbuō
    Antonyms: exhauriō, dēpleō, dēfundō
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.30:
      Sīc effāta, sinum lacrimīs implēvit obortīs.
      Having spoken in this way, she filled her bosom with the tears which had arisen.
      (In other words, despite having just stated her resolve, Dido is now crying profusely.)
    alicuius rei implere ― to fill with something
  2. to satisfy, satiate
  3. to make fat or fleshy, fill, fatten
  4. to make pregnant, impregnate
  5. to amount or fill up to
  6. to fill up, take up
  7. (figuratively) to complete, finish, fulfill, execute, end
    Synonyms: perficiō, cōnficiō, absolvō, conclūdō, condō, agō, expleō, efficiō, patrō, cumulō, nāvō, exsequor, dēfungor, fungor, perpetrō, trānsigō, gerō, peragō, claudō, inclūdō, exhauriō
  8. to perform an office, represent one’s post

Conjugation
   Conjugation of impleō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present impleō implēs implet implēmus implētis implent
imperfect implēbam implēbās implēbat implēbāmus implēbātis implēbant
future implēbō implēbis implēbit implēbimus implēbitis implēbunt
perfect implēvī implēvistī,
implēstī1		 implēvit,
implēt1		 implēvimus,
implēmus1		 implēvistis,
implēstis1		 implēvērunt,
implēvēre,
implērunt1
pluperfect implēveram,
implēram1		 implēverās,
implērās1		 implēverat,
implērat1		 implēverāmus,
implērāmus1		 implēverātis,
implērātis1		 implēverant,
implērant1
future perfect implēverō,
implērō1		 implēveris,
implēris1		 implēverit,
implērit1		 implēverimus,
implērimus1		 implēveritis,
implēritis1		 implēverint,
implērint1
passive present impleor implēris,
implēre		 implētur implēmur implēminī implentur
imperfect implēbar implēbāris,
implēbāre		 implēbātur implēbāmur implēbāminī implēbantur
future implēbor implēberis,
implēbere		 implēbitur implēbimur implēbiminī implēbuntur
perfect implētus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect implētus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect implētus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present impleam impleās impleat impleāmus impleātis impleant
imperfect implērem implērēs implēret implērēmus implērētis implērent
perfect implēverim,
implērim1		 implēverīs,
implērīs1		 implēverit,
implērit1		 implēverīmus,
implērīmus1		 implēverītis,
implērītis1		 implēverint,
implērint1
pluperfect implēvissem,
implēssem1		 implēvissēs,
implēssēs1		 implēvisset,
implēsset1		 implēvissēmus,
implēssēmus1		 implēvissētis,
implēssētis1		 implēvissent,
implēssent1
passive present implear impleāris,
impleāre		 impleātur impleāmur impleāminī impleantur
imperfect implērer implērēris,
implērēre		 implērētur implērēmur implērēminī implērentur
perfect implētus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect implētus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — implē — — implēte —
future — implētō implētō — implētōte implentō
passive present — implēre — — implēminī —
future — implētor implētor — — implentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives implēre implēvisse,
implēsse1		 implētūrum esse implērī implētum esse implētum īrī
participles implēns — implētūrus — implētus implendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
implendī implendō implendum implendō implētum implētū

1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: umpleari
    • Romanian: umplea, împlea
  • Dalmatian:
  • Ibero-Romance: (may also reflect *implĕre)
  • Borrowings:

Reflexes of an assumed variant *implĕre:

Reflexes of an assumed variant *implīre:[1]

  • Balkan Romance:
  • Italo-Romance:
  • Insular Romance:
  • North Italian:
    • Emilian: inpir
    • ⇒? Friulian: jemplâ
    • Ligurian: impî
    • Lombard: limpì
    • Piedmontese: ampî
    • Romansch: implir
    • Venetian: inpir
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
    • Aragonese: emplir
    • Asturian: inchir
    • Galician: fenchir
    • Old Spanish: enchir, fenchir

References
  1. Grandgent, Charles Hall (1907) An Introduction to Vulgar Latin (Heath's Modern Language Series), D. C. Heath & Company, page 167

Further reading
  • “impleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “impleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • impleo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • impleo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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