hakkama
Estonian
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną. Alternatively of Baltic origin; compare Latvian sākt (“to start”) and Lithuanian šokti.
Conjugation
Conjugation of hakkama (ÕS type 29/hüppama, kk-k gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | hakkan | ei hakka | 1st sing. | olen hakanud | ei ole hakanud pole hakanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | hakkad | 2nd sing. | oled hakanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | hakkab | 3rd sing. | on hakanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | hakkame | 1st plur. | oleme hakanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | hakkate | 2nd plur. | olete hakanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | hakkavad | 3rd plur. | on hakanud | ||||||
| passive | hakatakse | ei hakata | passive | on hakatud | ei ole hakatud pole hakatud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | hakkasin | ei hakanud | 1st sing. | olin hakanud | ei olnud hakanud polnud hakanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | hakkasid | 2nd sing. | olid hakanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | hakkas | 3rd sing. | oli hakanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | hakkasime | 1st plur. | olime hakanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | hakkasite | 2nd plur. | olite hakanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | hakkasid | 3rd plur. | oli hakanud | ||||||
| passive | hakati | ei hakatud | passive | oli hakatud | ei olnud hakatud polnud hakatud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | hakkaksin | ei hakkaks | 1st sing. | hakanuksin oleksin hakanud |
ei hakanuks ei oleks hakanud poleks hakanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | hakkaksid | 2nd sing. | hakanuksid oleksid hakanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | hakkaks | 3rd sing. | hakanuks oleks hakanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | hakkaksime | 1st plur. | hakanuksime oleksime hakanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | hakkaksite | 2nd plur. | hakanuksite oleksite hakanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | hakkaksid | 3rd plur. | hakanuksid oleksid hakanud | ||||||
| passive | hakataks | ei hakataks | passive | oleks hakatud | ei oleks hakatud poleks hakatud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | hakka | ära hakka | 2nd sing. | ole hakanud | ära ole hakanud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | hakaku | ärgu hakaku | 3rd sing. | olgu hakanud | ärgu olgu hakanud | ||||
| 1st plur. | hakakem | ärme hakkame ärme hakka ärgem hakakem |
1st plur. | olgem hakanud | ärme oleme hakanud ärme ole hakanud ärgem olgem hakanud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | hakake | ärge hakake | 2nd plur. | olge hakanud | ärge olge hakanud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | hakaku | ärgu hakaku | 3rd plur. | olgu hakanud | ärgu olgu hakanud | ||||
| passive | hakatagu | ärgu hakatagu | passive | olgu hakatud | ärgu olgu hakatud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | hakkavat | ei hakkavat | active | olevat hakanud | ei olevat hakanud polevat hakanud | ||||
| passive | hakatavat | ei hakatavat | passive | olevat hakatud | ei olevat hakatud polevat hakatud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | hakkama | hakatama | nominative | hakata | olla hakanud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | hakates | olles hakanud | |||||
| inessive | hakkamas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | hakkamast | present | hakkav | hakatav | |||||
| translative | hakkamaks | past | hakanud | hakatud | |||||
| abessive | hakkamata | negative | hakkamatu | — | |||||
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