hairahtaa

Finnish

Etymology

hair- +‎ -ahtaa; from the same root as häiritä, but with back vowels.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈhɑi̯rɑhtɑːˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝i̯rɑ̝xt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ɑirɑhtɑː
  • Syllabification(key): hai‧rah‧taa

Verb

hairahtaa

  1. (intransitive, physically) To slip, fall, lose one's balance, take a wrong step.
  2. (intransitive, morally) To slip, stray (from the straight and narrow path), commit an indiscretion.

Conjugation
Inflection of hairahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hairahdan en hairahda 1st sing. olen hairahtanut en ole hairahtanut
2nd sing. hairahdat et hairahda 2nd sing. olet hairahtanut et ole hairahtanut
3rd sing. hairahtaa ei hairahda 3rd sing. on hairahtanut ei ole hairahtanut
1st plur. hairahdamme emme hairahda 1st plur. olemme hairahtaneet emme ole hairahtaneet
2nd plur. hairahdatte ette hairahda 2nd plur. olette hairahtaneet ette ole hairahtaneet
3rd plur. hairahtavat eivät hairahda 3rd plur. ovat hairahtaneet eivät ole hairahtaneet
passive hairahdetaan ei hairahdeta passive on hairahdettu ei ole hairahdettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hairahdin en hairahtanut 1st sing. olin hairahtanut en ollut hairahtanut
2nd sing. hairahdit et hairahtanut 2nd sing. olit hairahtanut et ollut hairahtanut
3rd sing. hairahti ei hairahtanut 3rd sing. oli hairahtanut ei ollut hairahtanut
1st plur. hairahdimme emme hairahtaneet 1st plur. olimme hairahtaneet emme olleet hairahtaneet
2nd plur. hairahditte ette hairahtaneet 2nd plur. olitte hairahtaneet ette olleet hairahtaneet
3rd plur. hairahtivat eivät hairahtaneet 3rd plur. olivat hairahtaneet eivät olleet hairahtaneet
passive hairahdettiin ei hairahdettu passive oli hairahdettu ei ollut hairahdettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hairahtaisin en hairahtaisi 1st sing. olisin hairahtanut en olisi hairahtanut
2nd sing. hairahtaisit et hairahtaisi 2nd sing. olisit hairahtanut et olisi hairahtanut
3rd sing. hairahtaisi ei hairahtaisi 3rd sing. olisi hairahtanut ei olisi hairahtanut
1st plur. hairahtaisimme emme hairahtaisi 1st plur. olisimme hairahtaneet emme olisi hairahtaneet
2nd plur. hairahtaisitte ette hairahtaisi 2nd plur. olisitte hairahtaneet ette olisi hairahtaneet
3rd plur. hairahtaisivat eivät hairahtaisi 3rd plur. olisivat hairahtaneet eivät olisi hairahtaneet
passive hairahdettaisiin ei hairahdettaisi passive olisi hairahdettu ei olisi hairahdettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. hairahda älä hairahda 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. hairahtakoon älköön hairahtako 3rd sing. olkoon hairahtanut älköön olko hairahtanut
1st plur. hairahtakaamme älkäämme hairahtako 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. hairahtakaa älkää hairahtako 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. hairahtakoot älkööt hairahtako 3rd plur. olkoot hairahtaneet älkööt olko hairahtaneet
passive hairahdettakoon älköön hairahdettako passive olkoon hairahdettu älköön olko hairahdettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hairahtanen en hairahtane 1st sing. lienen hairahtanut en liene hairahtanut
2nd sing. hairahtanet et hairahtane 2nd sing. lienet hairahtanut et liene hairahtanut
3rd sing. hairahtanee ei hairahtane 3rd sing. lienee hairahtanut ei liene hairahtanut
1st plur. hairahtanemme emme hairahtane 1st plur. lienemme hairahtaneet emme liene hairahtaneet
2nd plur. hairahtanette ette hairahtane 2nd plur. lienette hairahtaneet ette liene hairahtaneet
3rd plur. hairahtanevat eivät hairahtane 3rd plur. lienevät hairahtaneet eivät liene hairahtaneet
passive hairahdettaneen ei hairahdettane passive lienee hairahdettu ei liene hairahdettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st hairahtaa present hairahtava hairahdettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st hairahtaakseni hairahtaaksemme
2nd hairahtaaksesi hairahtaaksenne
3rd hairahtaakseen
hairahtaaksensa
 past hairahtanut hairahdettu
2nd inessive2 hairahtaessa hairahdettaessa agent3 hairahtama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st hairahtaessani hairahtaessamme
2nd hairahtaessasi hairahtaessanne
3rd hairahtaessaan
hairahtaessansa
 negative hairahtamaton
instructive hairahtaen — 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
* The third-person singular indicative form hairahtaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd inessive hairahtamassa —
elative hairahtamasta —
illative hairahtamaan —
adessive hairahtamalla —
abessive hairahtamatta —
instructive hairahtaman hairahdettaman
4th4 verbal noun hairahtaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st hairahtamaisillani hairahtamaisillamme
2nd hairahtamaisillasi hairahtamaisillanne
3rd hairahtamaisillaan
hairahtamaisillansa

Synonyms
  • (to slip, stray from the straight and narrow path): langeta, sortua

Derived terms
nouns
verbs

Further reading
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