gratificar

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin gratificārī. By surface analysis, grato +‎ -ificar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ʁ)/ [ɡɾa.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ʁ)/ [ɡɾa.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɡɾɐ.ti.fiˈkaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɡɾɐ.ti.fiˈka.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: gra‧fi‧fi‧car

Verb

gratificar (first-person singular present gratifico, first-person singular preterite gratifiquei, past participle gratificado)

  1. to gratify
  2. to reward

Conjugation
    Conjugation of gratificar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal gratificar
Personal gratificar gratificares gratificar gratificarmos gratificardes gratificarem
Gerund
gratificando
Past participle
Masculine gratificado gratificados
Feminine gratificada gratificadas
Indicative
Present gratifico gratificas gratifica gratificamos gratificais gratificam
Imperfect gratificava gratificavas gratificava gratificávamos gratificáveis gratificavam
Preterite gratifiquei gratificaste gratificou gratificamos1, gratificámos2 gratificastes gratificaram
Pluperfect gratificara gratificaras gratificara gratificáramos gratificáreis gratificaram
Future gratificarei gratificarás gratificará gratificaremos gratificareis gratificarão
Conditional gratificaria gratificarias gratificaria gratificaríamos gratificaríeis gratificariam
Subjunctive
Present gratifique gratifiques gratifique gratifiquemos gratifiqueis gratifiquem
Imperfect gratificasse gratificasses gratificasse gratificássemos gratificásseis gratificassem
Future gratificar gratificares gratificar gratificarmos gratificardes gratificarem
Imperative
Affirmative gratifica gratifique gratifiquemos gratificai gratifiquem
Negative (não) não gratifiques não gratifique não gratifiquemos não gratifiqueis não gratifiquem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɡɾatifiˈkaɾ/ [ɡɾa.t̪i.fiˈkaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: gra‧ti‧fi‧car

Verb

gratificar (first-person singular present gratifico, first-person singular preterite gratifiqué, past participle gratificado)

  1. to gratify
  2. to reward

Conjugation
    Conjugation of gratificar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive gratificar
gerund gratificando
past participle masculine feminine
singular gratificado gratificada
plural gratificados gratificadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present gratifico gratificastú
gratificásvos		 gratifica gratificamos gratificáis gratifican
imperfect gratificaba gratificabas gratificaba gratificábamos gratificabais gratificaban
preterite gratifiqué gratificaste gratificó gratificamos gratificasteis gratificaron
future gratificaré gratificarás gratificará gratificaremos gratificaréis gratificarán
conditional gratificaría gratificarías gratificaría gratificaríamos gratificaríais gratificarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present gratifique gratifiquestú
gratifiquésvos2		 gratifique gratifiquemos gratifiquéis gratifiquen
imperfect
(ra)		 gratificara gratificaras gratificara gratificáramos gratificarais gratificaran
imperfect
(se)		 gratificase gratificases gratificase gratificásemos gratificaseis gratificasen
future1 gratificare gratificares gratificare gratificáremos gratificareis gratificaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative gratificatú
gratificávos		 gratifique gratifiquemos gratificad gratifiquen
negative no gratifiques no gratifique no gratifiquemos no gratifiquéis no gratifiquen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of gratificar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive gratificar
dative gratificarme gratificarte gratificarle, gratificarse gratificarnos gratificaros gratificarles, gratificarse
accusative gratificarme gratificarte gratificarlo, gratificarla, gratificarse gratificarnos gratificaros gratificarlos, gratificarlas, gratificarse
with gerund gratificando
dative gratificándome gratificándote gratificándole, gratificándose gratificándonos gratificándoos gratificándoles, gratificándose
accusative gratificándome gratificándote gratificándolo, gratificándola, gratificándose gratificándonos gratificándoos gratificándolos, gratificándolas, gratificándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative gratifica
dative gratifícame gratifícate gratifícale gratifícanos not used gratifícales
accusative gratifícame gratifícate gratifícalo, gratifícala gratifícanos not used gratifícalos, gratifícalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative gratificá
dative gratificame gratificate gratificale gratificanos not used gratificales
accusative gratificame gratificate gratificalo, gratificala gratificanos not used gratificalos, gratificalas
with formal second-person singular imperative gratifique
dative gratifíqueme not used gratifíquele, gratifíquese gratifíquenos not used gratifíqueles
accusative gratifíqueme not used gratifíquelo, gratifíquela, gratifíquese gratifíquenos not used gratifíquelos, gratifíquelas
with first-person plural imperative gratifiquemos
dative not used gratifiquémoste gratifiquémosle gratifiquémonos gratifiquémoos gratifiquémosles
accusative not used gratifiquémoste gratifiquémoslo, gratifiquémosla gratifiquémonos gratifiquémoos gratifiquémoslos, gratifiquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative gratificad
dative gratificadme not used gratificadle gratificadnos gratificaos gratificadles
accusative gratificadme not used gratificadlo, gratificadla gratificadnos gratificaos gratificadlos, gratificadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative gratifiquen
dative gratifíquenme not used gratifíquenle gratifíquennos not used gratifíquenles, gratifíquense
accusative gratifíquenme not used gratifíquenlo, gratifíquenla gratifíquennos not used gratifíquenlos, gratifíquenlas, gratifíquense

Further reading
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