exuo

Latin

Etymology

From ex- +‎ *uō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ew-. Cognates include Old Armenian ագանիմ (aganim), Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀 (aoθra, “shoe”), Proto-Slavic *jьzuti (“to take off (footwear)”).

Pronunciation

Verb

exuō (present infinitive exuere, perfect active exuī, supine exūtum); third conjugation

  1. to extract, take out, draw out, pull off
    Synonyms: extrahō, excipiō, exciō, ēdūcō
    Antonyms: intrōferō, īnserō, īnferō, īnsertō
  2. to free
    Synonyms: eximō, līberō, absolvō, vindicō, exonerō, excipiō, prīvō
    Antonyms: refrēnō, coerceō, saepiō, officiō, obstō, comprimō, impediō, arceō, supprimō
  3. to take off (clothes, shoes); doff
    Synonyms: nūdō, spoliō
    Antonyms: velō, indūcō, induō, saepiō, sūmō
  4. to refuse
  5. (figuratively) put off, away, or out; take or strip off or away; remove; free from; lay or set aside
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.318–319:
      “[...] Miserēre domus lābentis, et istam —
      ōrō, sī quis adhūc precibus locus — exue mentem.”
      “Take pity on a house that is falling, and that [plan of yours] — I beg [you], if yet there is any place for prayers — put [it] out of your mind.”

Conjugation
   Conjugation of exuō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present exuō exuis exuit exuimus exuitis exuunt
imperfect exuēbam exuēbās exuēbat exuēbāmus exuēbātis exuēbant
future exuam exuēs exuet exuēmus exuētis exuent
perfect exuī exuistī exuit exuimus exuistis exuērunt,
exuēre
pluperfect exueram exuerās exuerat exuerāmus exuerātis exuerant
future perfect exuerō exueris exuerit exuerimus exueritis exuerint
sigmatic future1 exussō exussis exussit exussimus exussitis exussint
passive present exuor exueris,
exuere		 exuitur exuimur exuiminī exuuntur
imperfect exuēbar exuēbāris,
exuēbāre		 exuēbātur exuēbāmur exuēbāminī exuēbantur
future exuar exuēris,
exuēre		 exuētur exuēmur exuēminī exuentur
perfect exūtus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect exūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect exūtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present exuam exuās exuat exuāmus exuātis exuant
imperfect exuerem exuerēs exueret exuerēmus exuerētis exuerent
perfect exuerim exuerīs exuerit exuerīmus exuerītis exuerint
pluperfect exuissem exuissēs exuisset exuissēmus exuissētis exuissent
sigmatic aorist1 exussim exussīs exussīt exussīmus exussītis exussint
passive present exuar exuāris,
exuāre		 exuātur exuāmur exuāminī exuantur
imperfect exuerer exuerēris,
exuerēre		 exuerētur exuerēmur exuerēminī exuerentur
perfect exūtus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect exūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — exue — — exuite —
future — exuitō exuitō — exuitōte exuuntō
passive present — exuere — — exuiminī —
future — exuitor exuitor — — exuuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives exuere exuisse exūtūrum esse exuī exūtum esse exūtum īrī
participles exuēns — exūtūrus — exūtus exuendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
exuendī exuendō exuendum exuendō exūtum exūtū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Derived terms

References
  • “exuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “exuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • exuo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be quite insensible to all feelings of humanity: omnem humanitatem exuisse, abiecisse (Lig. 5. 14)
    • to undress: vestem ponere (exuere)
    • to shake off the yoke of slavery: servitutem exuere (Liv. 34. 7)
    • to disarm a person: armis (castris) exuere aliquem
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