escarchar

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish escarchar.[1][2] By surface analysis, escarcha +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /is.kaʁˈʃa(ʁ)/ [is.kahˈʃa(h)], /es.kaʁˈʃa(ʁ)/ [es.kahˈʃa(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /is.kaɾˈʃa(ɾ)/, /es.kaɾˈʃa(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /iʃ.kaʁˈʃa(ʁ)/ [iʃ.kaχˈʃa(χ)], /eʃ.kaʁˈʃa(ʁ)/ [eʃ.kaχˈʃa(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /es.kaɻˈʃa(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʃ.kɐɾˈʃaɾ/
    • (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʃ.kɐɾˈt͡ʃaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʃ.kɐɾˈʃa.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: es‧car‧char

Verb

escarchar (first-person singular present escarcho, first-person singular preterite escarchei, past participle escarchado)

  1. to frost (to cover with frost)

Conjugation
    Conjugation of escarchar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal escarchar
Personal escarchar escarchares escarchar escarcharmos escarchardes escarcharem
Gerund
escarchando
Past participle
Masculine escarchado escarchados
Feminine escarchada escarchadas
Indicative
Present escarcho escarchas escarcha escarchamos escarchais escarcham
Imperfect escarchava escarchavas escarchava escarchávamos escarcháveis escarchavam
Preterite escarchei escarchaste escarchou escarchamos1, escarchámos2 escarchastes escarcharam
Pluperfect escarchara escarcharas escarchara escarcháramos escarcháreis escarcharam
Future escarcharei escarcharás escarchará escarcharemos escarchareis escarcharão
Conditional escarcharia escarcharias escarcharia escarcharíamos escarcharíeis escarchariam
Subjunctive
Present escarche escarches escarche escarchemos escarcheis escarchem
Imperfect escarchasse escarchasses escarchasse escarchássemos escarchásseis escarchassem
Future escarchar escarchares escarchar escarcharmos escarchardes escarcharem
Imperative
Affirmative escarcha escarche escarchemos escarchai escarchem
Negative (não) não escarches não escarche não escarchemos não escarcheis não escarchem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

References
  1. “escarchar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
  2. “escarchar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Spanish

Etymology

From escarcha +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /eskaɾˈt͡ʃaɾ/ [es.kaɾˈt͡ʃaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: es‧car‧char

Verb

escarchar (first-person singular present escarcho, first-person singular preterite escarché, past participle escarchado)

  1. (transitive) to frost

Conjugation
    Conjugation of escarchar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive escarchar
gerund escarchando
past participle masculine feminine
singular escarchado escarchada
plural escarchados escarchadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present escarcho escarchastú
escarchásvos		 escarcha escarchamos escarcháis escarchan
imperfect escarchaba escarchabas escarchaba escarchábamos escarchabais escarchaban
preterite escarché escarchaste escarchó escarchamos escarchasteis escarcharon
future escarcharé escarcharás escarchará escarcharemos escarcharéis escarcharán
conditional escarcharía escarcharías escarcharía escarcharíamos escarcharíais escarcharían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present escarche escarchestú
escarchésvos2		 escarche escarchemos escarchéis escarchen
imperfect
(ra)		 escarchara escarcharas escarchara escarcháramos escarcharais escarcharan
imperfect
(se)		 escarchase escarchases escarchase escarchásemos escarchaseis escarchasen
future1 escarchare escarchares escarchare escarcháremos escarchareis escarcharen
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative escarchatú
escarchávos		 escarche escarchemos escarchad escarchen
negative no escarches no escarche no escarchemos no escarchéis no escarchen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Portuguese: escarchar

Further reading
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