contribuer

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin contribuere, present active infinitive of contribuō.

Verb

contribuer

  1. to contribute

Conjugation
        Conjugation of contribuer
    infinitive contribuer
    gerund contribuendo
    past participle contribuait
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    indicative ju te jal/jala nu vu jali/jale
    present contribuo contribui contribuaja contribuaime contribuaite contribuaja
    imperfect contribuaja contribuaja contribuaja contribuajaite contribuajaite contribuaja
    perfect jai contribuait ji contribuait ju contribuait jaime contribuait jaite contribuait ju contribuait
    pluperfect avas contribuait avai contribuait avas contribuait avajaime contribuait avajaite contribuait avas contribuait
    future contribuera contribuere contribuera contribuerme contribuerte contribuera
    conditional contribuere contribuere contribuere contribuerme contribuerte contribuere
    subjunctive ju te jal/jala nu vu jali/jale
    present contribuaja contribuaja contribuaja contribuaime contribuaite contribuaja
    imperfect contribuis contribuisse contribuissa contribuissaime contribuissaite contribuis
    imperative — te — nu vu —
    affirmative contribui contribuaime contribuaite
    negative naun contribui naun contribuaime naun contribuaite

    French

    Etymology

    From Old French contribuir, borrowed from Latin contribuō.

    Pronunciation
    • IPA(key): /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/
    • Audio(file)

    Verb

    contribuer

    1. to contribute
      Cet utilisateur peut contribuer avec un niveau élémentaire de français.
      This user can contribute with an elementary level of French.
    2. to help
      Ces pays contribuent à faire progresser le développement durable.
      These countries help advance sustainable development.

    Conjugation
    Conjugation of contribuer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
    infinitive simple contribuer
    compound avoir + past participle
    present participle or gerund1 simple contribuant
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɑ̃/
    compound ayant + past participle
    past participle contribué
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/
    singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
    (simple
    tenses)    		 present contribue
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/    		 contribues
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/    		 contribue
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/    		 contribuons
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɔ̃/    		 contribuez
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/    		 contribuent
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/
    imperfect contribuais
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛ/    		 contribuais
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛ/    		 contribuait
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛ/    		 contribuions
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.jɔ̃/    		 contribuiez
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.je/    		 contribuaient
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛ/
    past historic2 contribuai
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/    		 contribuas
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa/    		 contribua
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa/    		 contribuâmes
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥam/    		 contribuâtes
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥat/    		 contribuèrent
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛʁ/
    future contribuerai
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁe/    		 contribueras
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁa/    		 contribuera
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁa/    		 contribuerons
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɔ̃/    		 contribuerez
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁe/    		 contribueront
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɔ̃/
    conditional contribuerais
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɛ/    		 contribuerais
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɛ/    		 contribuerait
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɛ/    		 contribuerions
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁjɔ̃/    		 contribueriez
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁje/    		 contribueraient
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɛ/
    (compound
    tenses)    		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
    past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
    future perfect future of avoir + past participle
    conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
    subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
    (simple
    tenses)    		 present contribue
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/    		 contribues
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/    		 contribue
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/    		 contribuions
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.jɔ̃/    		 contribuiez
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.je/    		 contribuent
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/
    imperfect2 contribuasse
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥas/    		 contribuasses
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥas/    		 contribuât
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa/    		 contribuassions
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa.sjɔ̃/    		 contribuassiez
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa.sje/    		 contribuassent
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥas/
    (compound
    tenses)    		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    imperative – tu – nous vous –
    simple — contribue
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/    		 — contribuons
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɔ̃/    		 contribuez
    /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/    		 —
    compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
    1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
    2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
    • past historic → present perfect
    • past anterior → pluperfect
    • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
    • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

    (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

    Further reading

    Middle French

    Etymology

    1340 contrebuer, 1370 contribuer. Borrowed from Latin contribuere, present active infinitive of contribuō, assimilated into the first conjugation group (regular -er suffixed verbs).

    Verb

    contribuer

    1. to contribute
      • 1370, Oresme, Ethiques:
        […] selon la proporcion des pecunes qui furent contribuees.
        […] ccording to the proportion of the wealth contributed.

    Conjugation
    • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
    Conjugation of contribuer
    infinitive simple contribuer
    compound avoir + past participle
    present participle1 or gerund2 simple contribuant
    compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
    past participle contribué
    singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
    (simple
    tenses)    		 present contribue contribues contribue contribuons contribuez contribuent
    imperfect contribuois, contribuoys contribuois, contribuoys contribuoit, contribuoyt contribuions, contribuyons contribuiez, contribuyez contribuoient, contribuoyent
    past historic contribua contribuas contribua contribuasmes contribuastes contribuerent
    future contribuerai, contribueray contribueras contribuera contribuerons contribuerez contribueront
    conditional contribuerois, contribueroys contribuerois, contribueroys contribueroit, contribueroyt contribuerions, contribueryons contribueriez, contribueryez contribueroient, contribueroyent
    (compound
    tenses)    		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
    past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
    future perfect future of avoir + past participle
    conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
    subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
    (simple
    tenses)    		 present contribue contribues contribue contribuons contribuez contribuent
    imperfect contribuasse contribuasses contribuast contribuassions contribuassiez contribuassent
    (compound
    tenses)    		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    imperative – tu – nous vous –
    simple — contribue — contribuons contribuez —
    compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
    1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
    2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

    References
    • contribuer on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)
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