conoí
Old Irish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From com- + Proto-Celtic *oweti, the latter being inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éwH-e-ti (“to help”). It is a close cognate of Sanskrit अवति (ávati, “to help”).[1]
The verbal noun comét and the deponent preterite forms are suppleted from a form of Proto-Celtic *emeti also prefixed with com-. Compare do·eim of similar meaning.[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [konˈoːi̯]
Verb
con·ói (prototonic ·comai, verbal noun comét)
- to protect, guard
- to preserve, keep
- c. 815-840, “The Monastery of Tallaght”, in Edward J. Gwynn, Walter J. Purton, transl., Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, published 1911-1912, paragraph 6, pages 115-179:
- ...céne con·n-oither mo thimnasa insin purt-sa. Nícon·ibthar lind dermait dé and.
- ...as long as my rules are upheld in this place, alcoholic beverages that lead to us forgetting about God are not to be drunk.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 29d29
- is Día cota·óei-ade tre a gnímo-som
- It is God who preserves [the heavenly reward] through his deeds.
Conjugation
Complex, class A III present, t preterite, f future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | con·ói, con·oadar; cota·roí (ro-form with infixed pronoun da-) | cot·dóith (with infixed pronoun d-) | cot·oat (with infixed pronoun d-) | con·n-oither | ||||
| Prot. | ·comai, ·comathar | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | con·róiter | con·roitatar | ||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Deut. | cot·nófathar (with infixed pronoun d-) | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | con·óither | cotam·róither (ro-form with infixed pronoun tam-) | ||||||
| Prot. | ·coma, ·comathar | ||||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·comud | ||||||||
| Imperative | comae | comid | |||||||
| Verbal noun | comét | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₁eu̯H-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 243f.
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 729, page 451
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “con-oí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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