buan
Bunun
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish búan (“lasting, enduring; constant, firm, persevering”), related to buith, verbal noun of at·tá (“to be”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
buan (genitive singular masculine buain, genitive singular feminine buaine, plural buana, comparative buaine)
Declension
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | buan | bhuan | buana; bhuana² | |
Vocative | bhuain | buana | ||
Genitive | buaine | buana | buan | |
Dative | buan; bhuan¹ |
bhuan; bhuain (archaic) |
buana; bhuana² | |
Comparative | níos buaine | |||
Superlative | is buaine |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Related terms
- buanaigh (“perpetuate”, transitive verb)
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
buan | bhuan | mbuan |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 57
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 28
Further reading
- Entries containing “buan” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “buan” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “buan”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 búan”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
North Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian bāne. Cognates include West Frisian beane.
Old English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *būan, from Proto-Germanic *būaną. Cognate with Old Frisian būwa, bōwa (West Frisian bouwe), Old Saxon būan (Low German bugen), Old Dutch būwan (Dutch bouwen), Old High German būan (German bauen), Old Norse búa (Swedish bo, Norwegian Nynorsk bu, Faroese búgva), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌽 (bauan).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbuː.ɑn/
Verb
būan
Conjugation
infinitive | būan | būenne |
---|---|---|
indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
first person singular | būe | būde |
second person singular | bȳst | būdest |
third person singular | bȳþ | būde |
plural | būaþ | būdon |
subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
singular | būe | būde |
plural | būen | būden |
imperative | ||
singular | bū | |
plural | būaþ | |
participle | present | past |
būende | (ġe)bȳn, (ġe)būn |
Derived terms
- ġebūr m
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *būan, from Proto-Germanic *būaną, whence also Old English būan, Old Norse búa.
Old Saxon
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *būan, from Proto-Germanic *būaną, whence also Old English būan, Old Norse búa.
Descendants
- Middle Low German: bûwen
- Low German: boen
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish búan (“lasting, enduring; constant, firm, persevering”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /puən/
Synonyms
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
buan | bhuan |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “buan”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 búan”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Welsh
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *bīwonos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”).[1] Cognate with Old Breton buenion, modern Breton buan.
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈbɨː.an/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈbiː.an/
- Rhymes: -ɨːan
Adjective
buan (feminine singular buan, plural buain, equative buaned, comparative buanach, superlative buanaf)
Derived terms
- yn fuan (“soon”)
- mor fuan â phosibl (“as soon as possible”)
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
buan | fuan | muan | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 63 vii (3)
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “buan”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies