Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sprāku

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *sprākī (“talkative; speaking”) +‎ *-u.

Noun

*sprāku f[1]

speech, language

Inflection

u-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*sprāku
Genitive	*sprākō
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*sprāku	sprākiwi, sprākō
Accusative	*sprāku	*sprākū
Genitive	*sprākō	*sprākiwō
Dative	sprākiwi, sprākō	*sprākum
Instrumental	*sprāku	*sprākum

Alternative reconstructions

*sprākkijā

Derived terms

*sprākēn
*sprākulaus

Related terms

*spruki

Descendants

Old English: sprǣċ, spǣċ
- Middle English: speche, speke, spech, spetch, spæc, spæch, speeche
  - English: speech
  - Scots: spech, spek
Old Frisian: *sprāke, sprēke, sprēze, sprētze
- North Frisian: sprek
- Saterland Frisian: Sproake (possibly borrowed)
- West Frisian: spraak (possibly borrowed)
Old Saxon: sprāka
- Middle Low German: sprâke
  - German Low German: Sprake, Spraak
  - → Danish: sprog
    - → Icelandic: sprok
  - →⇒ Faroese: spráka
  - → Norwegian: språk
  - → Old Swedish: sprak
    - Swedish: språk
Old Dutch: *sprāka
- Middle Dutch: sprake
  - Dutch: spraak, (obsolete) sprake, spraeke
    - Afrikaans: spraak
Old High German: sprāhha, sprācha
- Middle High German: sprāche
  - Alemannic German: Sproch
    Swabian: Schbroach
  - Bavarian: Sproch
  - Central Franconian:
    Hunsrik: Sproch
    
    Kölsch: Sprooch
    
    Luxembourgish: Sprooch
  - East Central German:
    Erzgebirgisch: Schprohch
    
    Vilamovian: śpröch
  - East Franconian:
  - German: Sprache
  - Rhine Franconian:
    Pennsylvania German: Schprooch
    
    Pfälzisch: Sproch
  - Yiddish: שפּראַך (shprakh)

References

Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Sprache”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 690: “wg. *sprǣkō”

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Sprache”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 690: “wg. *sprǣkō”