Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skalk

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skalkaz.

Noun

*skalk m

servant, retainer

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*skalk
Genitive	*skalkas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*skalk	skalkō, skalkōs
Accusative	*skalk	*skalkā
Genitive	*skalkas	*skalkō
Dative	*skalkē	*skalkum
Instrumental	*skalku	*skalkum

Derived terms

Descendants

Old English: sċealc
- Middle English: schalk, scalk, schalke, schalkke, shalk
  - English: shalk
  - Middle Scots: schalk, schak, schaik
Old Frisian: skalk
- (West Frisian: ontschalken)
Old Saxon: skalk
- Middle Low German: schalk (in compounds: erseschalk, marschalk, etc.)
Old Dutch: scalc
- Middle Dutch: scalc
  - Dutch: schalk (also in maarschalk)
Old High German: skalk, scalc, scalk
- Middle High German: schalc
  - German: Schalk
  - Luxembourgish: Schallek
- → Italian: scalco (from Lombardic)
→ Vulgar Latin: scalcus (in compounds)
- Medieval Latin: scalcius, scalciatus
- Old French: escalque
→ Italian: scalco

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